Four Puzzles of Reputation-Based Cooperation : Content, Process, Honesty, and Structure [0.03%]
基于声誉的合作的四个难题：内容、过程、诚实和结构
Francesca Giardini,Daniel Balliet,Eleanor A Power et al.
Francesca Giardini et al.
Research in various disciplines has highlighted that humans are uniquely able to solve the problem of cooperation through the informal mechanisms of reputation and gossip. Reputation coordinates the evaluative judgments of individuals about...
Carlos Hernández Blasi,David F Bjorklund,Sonia Agut et al.
Carlos Hernández Blasi et al.
The aim of this study was to explore the role of voices as cues to adults of children's needs for potential caregiving during early childhood. To this purpose, 74 college students listened to pairs of 5-year-old versus 10-year-old children ...
Nine Levels of Explanation : A Proposed Expansion of Tinbergen's Four-Level Framework for Understanding the Causes of Behavior [0.03%]
九层次解释：对Tinbergen理解行为原因的四层次框架的扩展提议
Melvin Konner
Melvin Konner
Tinbergen's classic "On Aims and Methods of Ethology" (Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 20, 1963) proposed four levels of explanation of behavior, which he thought would soon apply to humans. This paper discusses the need for multilevel ex...
The Relative Importance of "Cooperative Context" and Kinship in Structuring Cooperative Behavior : A Comparative Study of Saami Reindeer Herders [0.03%]
"合作背景"和亲属关系在构建合作行为中的相对重要性：萨AMI驯鹿牧民的比较研究
Guro Lovise Hole Fisktjønmo,Marius Warg Næss,Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen
Guro Lovise Hole Fisktjønmo
Kin relations have a strong theoretical and empirical basis for explaining cooperative behavior. Nevertheless, there is growing recognition that context-the cooperative environment of an individual-also shapes the willingness of individuals...
William Buckner
William Buckner
Thermoregulation is often thought to be a key motivating factor behind the origins of clothing. Less attention has been given, however, to the production and use of clothing across traditional societies in contexts outside of thermoregulato...
Occupational Preferences and Recalled Childhood Sex-Atypical Behavior among Istmo Zapotec Men, Women, and Muxes [0.03%]
伊斯特莫萨普泰克男性、女性和穆谢的职业偏好以及对童年异性行为的回忆
Francisco R Gómez Jiménez,Lucas Court,Paul L Vasey
Francisco R Gómez Jiménez
Research has found that both cisgender and transgender androphilic males (i.e., males sexually attracted to and aroused by other adult males) have female-typical occupational preferences when compared with gynephilic males (i.e., males sexu...
Gathering Is Not Only for Girls : No Influence of Energy Expenditure on the Onset of Sexual Division of Labor [0.03%]
聚集不只是女孩的事：能量消耗对性分工启动没有影响
Guillermo Zorrilla-Revilla,Jesús Rodríguez,Ana Mateos
Guillermo Zorrilla-Revilla
In some small-scale societies, a sexual division of labor is common. For subadult hunter-gatherers, the onset of this division dates to middle childhood and the start of puberty; however, there is apparently no physiological explanation for...
Ethnic Markers without Ethnic Conflict : Why do Interdependent Masikoro, Mikea, and Vezo of Madagascar Signal their Ethnic Differences? [0.03%]
没有民族冲突的民族标志：为什么相互依赖的马达加斯加Masikoro，Mikea和Vezo人要标示他们的民族差异？
Bram Tucker,Erik J Ringen,Tsiazonera et al.
Bram Tucker et al.
People often signal their membership in groups through their clothes, hairstyle, posture, and dialect. Most existing evolutionary models argue that markers label group members so individuals can preferentially interact with those in their g...
A Naturalistic Study of Norm Conformity, Punishment, and the Veneration of the Dead at Texas A&M University, USA [0.03%]
在美国德克萨斯A&M大学关于守规、惩罚和崇敬死者的一种写实研究
Michael Alvard,Katherine Daiy
Michael Alvard
Culturally inherited institutional norms structure much of human social life. Successfully replicating institutions train their current members to behave in the generally adaptive ways that served past members. Ancestor veneration is a well...
Deriving Features of Religions in the Wild : How Communication and Threat-Detection May Predict Spirits, Gods, Witches, and Shamans [0.03%]
野外宗教特征的推导：沟通和威胁检测如何预测精神、上帝、巫师和萨满教的存在
Pascal Boyer
Pascal Boyer
Religions "in the wild" are the varied set of religious activities that occurred before the emergence of organized religions with doctrines, or that persist at the margins of those organized traditions. These religious activities mostly foc...