Anders Anell,Anna H Glenngård,Sherry Merkur
Anders Anell
Life expectancy in Sweden is high and the country performs well in comparisons related to disease-oriented indicators of health service outcomes and quality of care. The Swedish health system is committed to ensuring the health of all citiz...
Alexandr Katsaga,Maksut Kulzhanov,Marina Karanikolos et al.
Alexandr Katsaga et al.
Since becoming independent, Kazakhstan has undertaken major efforts in reforming its post-Soviet health system. Two comprehensive reform programmes were developed in the 2000s: the National Programme for Health Care Reform and Development 2...
Antoniya Dimova,Maria Rohova,Emanuela Moutafova et al.
Antoniya Dimova et al.
In the last 20 years, demographic development in Bulgaria has been characterized by population decline, a low crude birth rate, a low fertility rate, a high mortality rate and an ageing population. A stabilizing political situation since th...
Maria Olejaz,Annegrete Juul Nielsen,Andreas Rudkjøbing et al.
Maria Olejaz et al.
Denmark has a tradition of a decentralized health system. However, during recent years, reforms and policy initiatives have gradually centralized the health system in different ways. The structural reform of 2007 merged the old counties int...
Franco Toniolo,Domenico Mantoan,Anna Maresso
Franco Toniolo
The Health Systems in Transition (HiT) profiles are country-based reports that provide a detailed description of a health system and of policy initiatives in progress or under development. This HiT is one of the first to be written on a sub...
Anna Sagan,Dimitra Panteli,W Borkowski et al.
Anna Sagan et al.
Since the successful transition to a freely elected parliament and a market economy after 1989, Poland is now a stable democracy and is well represented within political and economic organizations in Europe and worldwide. The strongly centr...
Larisa Popovich,Elena Potapchik,Sergey Shishkin et al.
Larisa Popovich et al.
The HiT reviews are country-based reports that provide a detailed description of a health system and of policy initiatives in progress or under development. HiTs examine different approaches to the organization, financing and delivery of he...
Mehtap Tatar,Salih Mollahaliloğlu,Bayram Sahin et al.
Mehtap Tatar et al.
Turkey has accomplished remarkable improvements in terms of health status in the last three decades, particularly after the implementation of the Health Transformation Program (HTP (Saglikta Donus, um Programi)). Average life expectancy rea...
Peter Gaal,Szabolcs Szigeti,Marton Csere et al.
Peter Gaal et al.
Hungary has achieved a successful transition from an overly centralized, integrated Semashko-style health care system to a purchaser provider split model with output-based payment methods. Although there have been substantial increases in l...
Pedro Pita Barros,Sara Ribeirinho Machado,Jorge de Almeida Simões
Pedro Pita Barros
The Portuguese population enjoys good health and increasing life expectancy, though at lower levels than other western European countries. All residents in Portugal have access to health care provided by the National Health Service (NHS), f...