Prohibited AI Practices in Healthcare under the European Artificial Intelligence Act [0.03%]
欧盟《人工智能法案》中医疗保健领域禁止的人工智能做法
Hannah van Kolfschooten
Hannah van Kolfschooten
The European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act introduces a novel regulatory category of "unacceptable risk," prohibiting specific AI practices that are deemed fundamentally incompatible with human rights and ethical principles. While muc...
Marc A Rodwin
Marc A Rodwin
This article reviews the history and current evidence of systematic pharmaceutical industry corruption. It draws on studies by the OECD on international corruption; reports of the Securities and Exchange Commission; studies of the Public Ci...
Regulatory Guidance for the Return of Raw Genomic Data to Research Participants: A Qualitative Interview Study [0.03%]
关于向研究参与者返还原始基因组数据的监管指导：定性访谈研究
Jane Louise Nielsen,Claire E Wakefield,Rebekah McWhirter et al.
Jane Louise Nielsen et al.
This paper reports the results of an Australian qualitative study investigating the return of raw genomic data to research study participants. Increasing numbers of participants request access to their raw genomic data, although the legal p...
Supported Decision-Making and the Inclusion of People who Lack Decisional Capacity in Greater than Minimal Risk Research [0.03%]
辅助决策和纳入缺乏决定能力的受试者参与大于最小风险研究
Aaron Eli Segal,David Wendler,Dana Howard
Aaron Eli Segal
In recent years, some have argued that supported decision-making can be ethically superior to surrogate decision-making with respect to decisions involving adults with cognitive and intellectual impairments or disabilities. In this paper, w...
Using Supported Decision-Making to Promote Value-Aligned Research Participation [0.03%]
运用支持性决策促进与价值观相符的研究参与
Shen Pan,Robert D Dinerstein,David Wendler
Shen Pan
This article explores the potential of supported decision-making for helping individuals with intellectual or cognitive disabilities to make value-aligned or authentic decisions with respect to participation in clinical research. We argue t...
Intellectual Disability and Supported Decision-Making in Clinical Research: Anticipating Ethical Challenges [0.03%]
智力残疾与临床研究中的辅助决策：%E4%BA%8E%E7%A7%91%E6%9C%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%96%E8%AF%89%E8%BE%83%E5%A4%AA%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E7%BA%A6%E5%8D%BB%E7%9B%AE
Sawyer Lucas-Griffin,David Wasserman,David Wendler
Sawyer Lucas-Griffin
Supported decision-making presents a promising avenue to address tensions between the benefits of clinical research for persons with intellectual disability (PWIDs) and the potential exploitation of PWIDs in research. However, while much ha...
Replacing Surrogate Decision-Making with Supported Decision-Making for Minimal Risk Research [0.03%]
支持弱民事行为能力人自主参与低风险研究代替监护人同意书
Jennifer Hawkins,Aaron Eli Segal,David Wendler et al.
Jennifer Hawkins et al.
We advocate for a change in the way individuals with cognitive impairment are enrolled in minimal risk clinical research. We do so in the hope that such a change will lead to more cognitively impaired individuals being enrolled in research....
Difficulties in Honoring Patient Requests for Hospice when Relying on Surrogate Decision-Makers: A Case Study [0.03%]
依靠代理决策者履行患者关于安宁疗护的意愿面临的困境——一例报道
Leigh Meyer,Lexi C White,Mateo Moss et al.
Leigh Meyer et al.
Honoring a patient's wishes for end-of-life care can be challenging if the patient loses decision-making capacity and the identified alternate decision-maker will not respect the patient's wishes. This article discusses how to proceed ethic...
James Hodge Jr,Summer Ghaith,Amirala S Pasha
James Hodge Jr
Through emerging interpretations of individual "medical freedoms," a panoply of state legislative bills seeks to undermine long-standing public health and health care requirements including recommendations to test, screen, treat, and vaccin...
Sociolegal Reproductive Coercion: A Framework for Understanding Structural Pressures on Reproductive Decision-Making [0.03%]
社会法律生育强制：理解结构性压力对生育决策影响的框架
Laura E T Swan,Klaira Lerma,Lindsay M Cannon et al.
Laura E T Swan et al.
Recent US policy changes, including abortion bans and reductions to social safety nets, have intensified structural pressures on reproductive decision-making. Research has examined interpersonal and clinical forms of reproductive coercion, ...