Population differentiation at a regional scale in spadefoot toads: contributions of distance and divergent selective environments [0.03%]
棘胸蛙大范围种群分化：距离和环境差异的贡献
Amber M Rice,Michael A McQuillan,Heidi A Seears et al.
Amber M Rice et al.
The causes of population differentiation can provide insight into the origins of early barriers to gene flow. Two key drivers of population differentiation are geographic distance and local adaptation to divergent selective environments. Wh...
Patterns of reproductive isolation in the Drosophila subquinaria complex: can reinforced premating isolation cascade to other species? [0.03%]
ドロシファ subquinaria 類における生殖隔離のパターン: 强化された交配前の隔离が他の種に流れ込むことができるか？
Devon P Humphreys,Howard D Rundle,Kelly A Dyer
Devon P Humphreys
The reinforcement of premating barriers due to reduced hybrid fitness in sympatry may cause secondary sexual isolation within a species as a by-product. Consistent with this, in the fly Drosophila subquinaria, females that are sympatric wit...
Assortative mating and self-fertilization differ in their contributions to reinforcement, cascade speciation, and diversification [0.03%]
选择性交配和自交对强化、级联式物种形成和多样化的影响不同
Dean M Castillo,Amanda K Gibson,Leonie C Moyle
Dean M Castillo
Cascade speciation and reinforcement can evolve rapidly when traits are pleiotropic and act as both signal/cue in nonrandom mating. Here, we examine the contribution of two key traits-assortative mating and self-fertilization-to reinforceme...
Is cascade reinforcement likely when sympatric and allopatric populations exchange migrants? [0.03%]
当同域和异域种群交换迁徙者时，级联强化可能发生吗？
Roman Yukilevich,Fumio Aoki
Roman Yukilevich
When partially reproductively isolated species come back into secondary contact, these taxa may diverge in mating preferences and sexual cues to avoid maladaptive hybridization, a process known as reinforcement. This phenomenon often leads ...
Reinforcement as an initiator of population divergence and speciation [0.03%]
强化作用作为群体分化和物种形成启动因素的作用
Karin S Pfennig
Karin S Pfennig
When hybridization results in reduced fitness, natural selection is expected to favor the evolution of traits that minimize the likelihood of hybridizing in the first place. This process, termed reinforcement (or, more generally, reproducti...
Reinforcement's incidental effects on reproductive isolation between conspecifics [0.03%]
强化对同种个体间生殖隔离的附带影响
Aaron A Comeault,Daniel R Matute
Aaron A Comeault
Reinforcement-the process whereby maladaptive hybridization leads to the strengthening of prezygotic isolation between species-has a long history in the study of speciation. Because reinforcement affects traits involved in mate choice and f...
Reconciling concepts, theory, and empirical patterns surrounding cascade reinforcement [0.03%]
关于级联强化的概念、理论与实证模式的调和研究
Rebecca C Fuller Editor
Rebecca C Fuller Editor
Time till death affects spider mobility and web-building behavior during web construction in an orb-web spider [0.03%]
死亡时间影响到圆蛛在结网过程中的移动和织网行为
Mylène Anotaux,Camille Toscani,Raymond Leborgne et al.
Mylène Anotaux et al.
It is well known that age influences organism mobility. This was demonstrated in vertebrates (such as mammals and birds) but has been less studied in invertebrates with the exception of Drosophila and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. He...
Predator-prey distance and latency to flee from an immobile predator: functional relationship and importance [0.03%]
捕食者-猎物距离以及猎物逃离静止捕食者的滞后时间：功能关系及重要性
William E Cooper Jr,José Martín
William E Cooper Jr
When an immobile prey has detected an immobile predator nearby, predation risk is greater when the predator is closer. Consequently, prey flee with shorter latency as standing distance (predator-prey distance when both are still) decreases....
Does boldness explain vulnerability to angling in Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis? [0.03%]
胆量能解释欧亚鲈鱼的钓鱼脆弱性吗？
Anssi Vainikka,Ilkka Tammela,Pekka Hyvärinen
Anssi Vainikka
Consistent individual differences (CIDs) in behavior are of interest to both basic and applied research, because any selection acting on them could induce evolution of animal behavior. It has been suggested that CIDs in the behavior of fish...