Ronald J Maughan,Louise M Burke
Ronald J Maughan
The aim of training is to achieve optimum performance on the day of competition via three processes or paradigms; training hard to create the required training stimulus, training smart to maximize adaptations to the training stimulus, and t...
Florian Lang
Florian Lang
Prerequisites for cell survival include avoidance of excessive cell volume alterations. Cell membranes are highly permeable to water, which follows osmotic gradients. Thus, cell volume constancy requires osmotic equilibrium across cell memb...
Effect of protein, dairy components and energy balance in optimizing body composition [0.03%]
蛋白质、乳制品成分及能量平衡对身体组成的影响
Stuart M Phillips,Michael B Zemel
Stuart M Phillips
Weight loss is achieved through the consumption of a hypoenergetic diet and/or increased energy expenditure through exercise. While weight loss is associated with numerous benefits, the pattern of weight loss in terms of body composition ch...
Luc J C van Loon,Martin J Gibala
Luc J C van Loon
Intact protein, protein hydrolysates, and free amino acids are popular ingredients in contemporary sports nutrition, and have been suggested to augment post-exercise recovery. Protein and/or amino acid ingestion stimulates skeletal muscle p...
Fat adaptation science: low-carbohydrate, high- fat diets to alter fuel utilization and promote training adaptation [0.03%]
脂肪适应科学：低碳水化合物和高脂饮食以改变燃料利用并促进训练适应性
John A Hawley
John A Hawley
The effect of manipulating an individual's habitual diet on skeletal muscle fuel utilization has been of longstanding interest to scientists, and it is now well established that changes in dietary intake that alter the concentration of bloo...
Lawrence L Spriet
Lawrence L Spriet
Fat is an important fuel for exercise but plays a secondary role to carbohydrate (CHO). Increasing fat use during exercise can decrease the reliance on CHO and spare CHO for later in training sessions or competitions that depend on CHO for ...
Altering endogenous carbohydrate availability to support training adaptations [0.03%]
改变内源性碳水化合物的供应以支持训练适应性反应
Andrew Philp,Louise M Burke,Keith Baar
Andrew Philp
Glycogen was first identified in muscle over a century and a half ago. Even though we have known of its existence and its role in metabolism for a long time, recognition of its ability to directly and indirectly modulate signaling and the a...
Carbohydrate ingestion during exercise: effects on performance, training adaptations and trainability of the gut [0.03%]
运动中的碳水化合物摄入：对表现、训练适应和肠道耐受性的影响
Asker E Jeukendrup,John McLaughlin
Asker E Jeukendrup
Carbohydrate feeding has been shown to enhance endurance performance. During exercise of 2 h or more, the delivery of carbohydrates to the muscle is the crucial step and appears to be limited by intestinal absorption. It is therefore import...