Quantifying the accuracy of forensic examiners in the absence of a "gold standard" [0.03%]
缺乏"黄金标准"情况下量化法医检验人员准确性的方法
Douglas Mossman,Michael D Bowen,David J Vanness et al.
Douglas Mossman et al.
This study asked whether latent class modeling methods and multiple ratings of the same cases might permit quantification of the accuracy of forensic assessments. Five evaluators examined 156 redacted court reports concerning criminal defen...
Goffman on the jury: real jurors' attention to the "offstage" of trials [0.03%]
戈夫曼笔下的陪审员：真实陪审团关注庭审的“后台”部分
Mary R Rose,Shari Seidman Diamond,Kimberly M Baker
Mary R Rose
Social psychologist Erving Goffman, in his classic work The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, provides a framework that explains why jurors may turn their attention at the courthouse to information not formally presented from the witne...
Psychopathic personality traits and delinquent and risky sexual behaviors in Croatian sample of non-referred boys and girls [0.03%]
克罗地亚非问题少年男女的人格障碍特征及其犯罪行为和冒险性行为的关系研究
Silvija Rucević
Silvija Rucević
The current study investigated the association of psychopathic traits with violent and non-violent delinquency, delinquency versatility, and risky sexual behavior in Croatian sample of non-referred boys (n = 226) and girls (n = 480). Psycho...
The effects of rehabilitative voir dire on juror bias and decision making [0.03%]
康复式审判前询问对陪审员偏见和决策的影响
Caroline B Crocker,Margaret Bull Kovera
Caroline B Crocker
During voir dire, judges frequently attempt to "rehabilitate" venirepersons who express an inability to be impartial. Venirepersons who agree to ignore their biases and base their verdict on the evidence and the law are eligible for jury se...
Self-reported false confessions and false guilty pleas among offenders with mental illness [0.03%]
精神疾病犯罪者的虚假认罪与虚假认罚行为研究报告
Allison D Redlich,Alicia Summers,Steven Hoover
Allison D Redlich
Persons with mental illness may be at risk for false admissions to police and to prosecutors because of the defining characteristics of mental illness, but potentially because of heightened recidivism rates and increased opportunities. We s...
The effect of retention interval on the confidence-accuracy relationship for eyewitness identification [0.03%]
间隔时间对目击者识别信心与准确度关系的影响
James Sauer,Neil Brewer,Tick Zweck et al.
James Sauer et al.
Recent research using a calibration approach indicates that eyewitness confidence assessments obtained immediately after a positive identification decision provide a useful guide as to the likely accuracy of the identification. This study e...
Saul M Kassin,Steven A Drizin,Thomas Grisso et al.
Saul M Kassin et al.
Recent DNA exonerations have shed light on the problem that people sometimes confess to crimes they did not commit. Drawing on police practices, laws concerning the admissibility of confession evidence, core principles of psychology, and fo...
Repeated eyewitness identification procedures: memory, decision making, and probative value [0.03%]
重复的证人指认程序：记忆、判断和证据价值
Ryan D Godfrey,Steven E Clark
Ryan D Godfrey
Two experiments examined the effects of multiple identification procedures on identification responses, confidence, and similarity relationships. When the interval between first and second identification procedures was long (Experiment 1), ...
Does post-identification feedback affect evaluations of eyewitness testimony and identification procedures? [0.03%]
反馈对证人陈述及辨认程序的评价有影响吗？
Amy Bradfield Douglass,Jeffrey S Neuschatz,Jennifer Imrich et al.
Amy Bradfield Douglass et al.
Two experiments were conducted to test whether post-identification feedback affects evaluations of eyewitnesses. In Experiment 1 (N = 156), evaluators viewed eyewitness testimony. They evaluated witnesses who received confirming post-identi...
An integrated model of legal and moral reasoning and rule-violating behavior: the role of legal attitudes [0.03%]
法律和道德推理与违反规则行为的综合模型：法律态度的作用
Ellen S Cohn,Donald Bucolo,Cesar J Rebellon et al.
Ellen S Cohn et al.
Legal socialization theory predicts that attitudes mediate the relation between legal reasoning and rule-violating behavior [Cohn, E. S., & White, S. O. (1990). Legal Socialization: A Study of Norms and Rules. New York: Springer-Verlag]. Mo...