Spencer G Lawson,Emma L Narkewicz,Gina M Vincent
Spencer G Lawson
Objective: One concern about the use of risk assessment instruments in legal decisions is the potential for disparate impact by race or ethnicity. This means that one racial or ethnic group will experience harsher legal o...
Dementia and competency to stand trial in the United States: A case law review [0.03%]
美国的痴呆与诉讼责任能力：判例法综述
Dana R Miller,Casey LaDuke
Dana R Miller
Objective: Competency to stand trial (CST) is foundational to the U.S. criminal legal system. Dementia is increasingly prevalent in the United States, and older adults are becoming involved with the U.S. criminal legal sy...
Improving graduate education in legal psychology: Early career psychologists' recommendations on diversity, debt, and applying legal psychology in the real world [0.03%]
法律心理学研究生教育的改进：早期职业心理学家对多样性和债务以及在现实世界中应用法律心理学的建议
Jason A Cantone,Apryl A Alexander,Erika N Fountain et al.
Jason A Cantone et al.
Objective: This article reviews how training programs and professional organizations can work together to better prepare legal psychology graduate students and early career professionals (ECPs) for their first postgraduat...
Emotion regulation reduces victim blaming of vulnerable sex trafficking survivors [0.03%]
情绪调节减少对易受伤害的性 trafficking受害者的责备
Richard L Wiener,Samantha M Wiener,Rachel Haselow et al.
Richard L Wiener et al.
Objective: This research applied emotion regulation to negative emotions felt toward a sex trafficking victim so that judgments were made to offer her services rather than to favor her arrest for prostitution. ...
Virginia Alford plea-takers experience harsher outcomes than traditional plea-takers [0.03%]
维吉尼亚阿尔福德认罪协议接受者面临的结果比传统认罪协议接受者更严厉
Amy Dezember,Allison D Redlich
Amy Dezember
Objective: Alford pleas allow defendants to profess innocence while simultaneously pleading guilty. In Study 1, we addressed two research questions: (1) Does the case processing length in Alford plea cases differ from tra...
Detecting criminal intent in social interactions: The influence of autism and theory of mind [0.03%]
自闭症和心理理论对社会交往中判定犯罪意图的影响
Zoe Michael,Neil Brewer
Zoe Michael
Objective: Defense attorneys sometimes suggest that social-cognitive difficulties render autistic individuals vulnerable to involvement in crime, often arguing that theory of mind (ToM) difficulties that undermine inferen...
Madeleine Millar,Colleen M Berryessa,Cynthia Willis-Esqueda et al.
Madeleine Millar et al.
Objective: Existing literature has yet to conceptualize and consolidate research on psychological essentialism and its relation to the criminal legal system, particularly in terms of explaining how individuals with justic...
Degrees of freedom as a breeding ground for biases-A threat to forensic practice [0.03%]
自由度成为偏差滋生的温床-对法医学实践的威胁
Aileen Oeberst,Verena Oberlader
Aileen Oeberst
Objective: Researcher-based degrees of freedom have been shown to contribute to low replication rates in science. That is, researchers' options within the process of designing and conducting empirical tests may increase t...
Confirmatory information seeking is robust in psychologists' diagnostic reasoning [0.03%]
心理学家的诊断推理中确证性信息搜寻的普遍存在性
Tess M S Neal,Nina MacLean,Robert D Morgan et al.
Tess M S Neal et al.
Objective: Across two experiments, we examined three cognitive biases (order effects, context effects, confirmatory bias) in licensed psychologists' diagnostic reasoning. ...
Reducing biases in the criminal legal system: A perspective from expected utility [0.03%]
从预期效用角度谈刑事司法系统中的偏见问题
Janice L Burke,Justice Healy,Yueran Yang
Janice L Burke
Objective: Racial biases exist in almost every aspect of the criminal legal system, resulting in disparities across all stages of legal procedures-before, during, and after a legal procedure. Building on expected utility ...