Hedgehogs and sugar gliders: respiratory anatomy, physiology, and disease [0.03%]
刺猬和领狐猴的呼吸系统解剖、生理及疾病
Dan H Johnson
Dan H Johnson
This article discusses the respiratory anatomy, physiology, and disease of African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) and sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps), two species commonly seen in exotic animal practice. Where appropriate, inform...
Cathy A Johnson-Delaney,Susan E Orosz
Cathy A Johnson-Delaney
Rabbits are obligate nose breathers due to their epiglottis positioned rostrally to the soft palate. Any obstruction within the nasal cavity will produce a respiratory wheeze with increased respiratory effort. Respiratory diseases are a maj...
Susan E Orosz,Marla Lichtenberger
Susan E Orosz
Respiratory distress is usually a life-threatening emergency in any species and this is particularly important in avian species because of their unique anatomy and physiology. In the emergency room, observation of breathing patterns, respir...
Tracy Bennett
Tracy Bennett
This article reviews anatomy, physiology, diagnostic techniques, and specific disease syndromes of the chelonian respiratory system. Respiratory disease is common in chelonians and is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in these ...
Juergen Schumacher
Juergen Schumacher
Noninfectious and infectious causes have been implicated in the development of respiratory tract disease in reptiles. Treatment modalities in reptiles have to account for species differences in response to therapeutic agents as well as inte...
Helen E Roberts,Stephen A Smith
Helen E Roberts
The respiratory organ of fish is the gill. In addition to respiration, the gills also perform functions of acid-base regulation, osmoregulation, and excretion of nitrogenous compounds. Because of their intimate association with the environm...
Susan E Orosz,Cathy A Johnson-Delaney
Susan E Orosz
Marilyn A Koski
Marilyn A Koski
Research in complementary and alternative veterinary medicine (CAVM) has increased dramatically in recent years. Acupuncture represents the most commonly practiced and extensively researched of all the CAVM modalities. Acupuncture is consid...
Jessica K Rychel,Matthew S Johnston,Narda G Robinson
Jessica K Rychel
Injury and illness in zoologic companion animals can lead to significant pain and debilitation. Recovery can be slow and sometimes frustrating. By augmenting recovery from trauma or disease with physical medicine and rehabilitation techniqu...
Marcy J Souza,Sherry K Cox
Marcy J Souza
Numerous analgesics are available for use in animals, but only a few have been used or studied in zoologic species. Tramadol is a relatively new analgesic that is available in an inexpensive, oral form, and is not controlled. Studies examin...