Olivia A Petritz,Ricardo de Matos
Olivia A Petritz
Ferrets often require pain management as part of comprehensive veterinary care. Recognition and objective quantification of pain, such as the ferret grimace scale, are the first steps of an analgesic plan. As in other species, a multimodal ...
Pain Recognition in Ferrets [0.03%]
雪貂的疼痛识别
Yvonne van Zeeland,Nico Schoemaker
Yvonne van Zeeland
Recognition and accurate assessment of the severity of pain can be challenging in ferrets as they are unable to verbally communicate, and often hide their pain. Pain assessment relies on the assessment of behavioral, physiologic, and other ...
Treatment of Pain in Rabbits [0.03%]
兔子的镇痛治疗
Sarah Ozawa,Alessia Cenani,David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman Lv
Sarah Ozawa
Rabbits occupy facets of veterinary medicine spanning from companion mammals, wildlife medicine, zoologic species, and research models. Therefore, analgesia is required for a variety of conditions in rabbits and is a critical component of p...
Pain Recognition in Rabbits [0.03%]
兔子的疼痛识别
Amy L Miller,Matthew C Leach
Amy L Miller
Rabbits typically undergo at least one painful procedure during their lifetime and appropriate methods of assessment are essential to reduce or alleviate pain. Various methods of assessing pain in rabbits have been investigated, with the va...
Miranda J Sadar,Christoph Mans
Miranda J Sadar
Limited information on the analgesic efficacy and safety of even clinically commonly used analgesic drugs in guinea pigs and chinchillas is available. Buprenorphine and meloxicam are currently the most common analgesics routinely used to tr...
Rhonda Oates,Danielle K Tarbert
Rhonda Oates
Recent myomorph and scuiromorph rodent analgesia studies are reviewed and evaluated for potential clinical application. Differences between laboratory animal studies and clinical use in diseased animals are discussed. Analgesia classes revi...
Pain Recognition in Rodents [0.03%]
啮齿动物的疼痛识别
Vanessa L Oliver,Daniel S J Pang
Vanessa L Oliver
Available methods for recognizing and assessing pain in rodents have increased over the last 10 years, including the development of validated pain assessment scales. Much of this work has been driven by the needs of biomedical research, and...
Treatment of Pain in Fish [0.03%]
鱼类的疼痛治疗
Kurt K Sladky
Kurt K Sladky
This chapter provides an overview of our current understanding of clinical analgesic use in fish. Recently, the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of several analgesic drugs for use in fish have been investigated, and the most important data ind...
Pain Recognition in Fish [0.03%]
鱼类的痛感识别
Lynne U Sneddon,Jonathan A C Roques
Lynne U Sneddon
Empirical evidence has demonstrated that fish experience pain, and so to ensure their good welfare, it is vital that we can recognize and assess pain. A range of general, behavioral, and physiologic indicators can be used when assessing pai...
J Jill Heatley,Karen E Russell
J Jill Heatley