Ikram Nasr,Daniel A Leffler,Paul J Ciclitira
Ikram Nasr
Celiac disease (CD) is an enteropathy-induced immune response that occurs on exposure to toxic gluten in the diet and is reversible once gluten is withdrawn. A gluten-free diet is the preferred treatment for CD and leads to reversal of vill...
Fei Bao,Govind Bhagat
Fei Bao
Small bowel biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing celiac disease (CD). Intraepithelial lymphocytosis in the context of villous atrophy is considered a characteristic histologic finding of CD. However, studies have also indicated t...
Diagnosis of celiac disease [0.03%]
乳糜泻的诊断
Benjamin Lebwohl,Alberto Rubio-Tapia,Asaad Assiri et al.
Benjamin Lebwohl et al.
This article reviews issues related to identifying the appropriate patient to test for celiac disease, the performance characteristics of serologic testing, the role of gene testing for human leukocyte antigen DQ2 and DQ8 haplotypes, and is...
Sonia S Kupfer,Bana Jabri
Sonia S Kupfer
Celiac disease results from the interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors. An understanding of the pathophysiology of celiac disease, in which the trigger (wheat, rye, and barley) is known, will undoubtedly reveal basic m...
Imran Aziz,David S Sanders
Imran Aziz
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder that has a significant impact on quality of life and health care resources. Celiac disease (CD), a gluten-sensitive enteropathy, can be mistaken for IBS. Thi...
Norelle Rizkalla Reilly,Alessio Fasano,Peter H R Green
Norelle Rizkalla Reilly
The mode of presentation of patients with celiac disease has changed dramatically over the recent decades, with diarrheal or classic presentations becoming less common. This trend is most markedly seen in children, whose main presentations ...
Charles J Lightdale
Charles J Lightdale
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: maximizing benefits and minimizing risks [0.03%]
内镜逆行胰胆管造影：扩大利点，减少风险
Peter B Cotton
Peter B Cotton
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become enormously popular throughout the world because of its proven value in the management of patients with known and suspected biliary and pancreatic disease. The results of ERCP ...
Complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: avoidance and management [0.03%]
内镜逆行胰胆管造影的并发症：预防和处理措施
Martin L Freeman
Martin L Freeman
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is now almost exclusively a therapeutic modality for pancreatic as well as biliary disorders. ERCP alone or with associated pancreatic and biliary therapy can cause a spectrum of mild an...