Assessing the Earliest Evidence for Life in the Geologic and Genomic Records [0.03%]
地球地质与基因记录中最早的生命的证据评估
Elizabeth A Bell,Gregory P Fournier
Elizabeth A Bell
Both the geologic and genomic records provide information on the earliest history of terrestrial life. Despite the challenges inherent to the fragmentary and highly metamorphosed earliest rock record, microfossils as old as ∼3.5 billion ye...
Recent Advances in Lipidomics of Extremophiles: A Review on Organic Biosignatures [0.03%]
极端环境下脂质组学的最新进展：有机生物标志物综述
Gaurav Yadav,Bronwyn L Teece,Roohi Roohi
Gaurav Yadav
Extreme environments on Earth are often studied as analog environments on other planetary bodies, since other planetary bodies in our solar system have extreme conditions for life as we know it. Extremophiles are commonly studied in astrobi...
Astrobiological Implications of Lava Flows Superposed on Martian Glaciers: Assessment of Formation and Fate of Meltwater, Moulin Formation, Induced Transition to Wet-Based Glacial Conditions, and Ice-Flow Velocity Enhancements [0.03%]
火星冰川上熔岩流的天体生物学意义：评估融化水的形成和命运、冰下河道的形成、对干基冰川条件向湿基冰川条件转变的诱发作用以及对冰川流速的影响
James L Fastook,James W Head
James L Fastook
Volcanic eruptions and glacial ice have occurred at virtually all latitudes and altitudes throughout Mars history. To assess the astrobiological potential of processes and microenvironments associated with lava flows onto glacial ice, we ex...
Lipid Biomarkers in Microbialites from a Maar Lake: An Astrobiological Study of Biomarker Preservation under Mars Analog Conditions [0.03%]
微湖中微生物碳酸盐中的脂质生物标志物：关于火星类环境条件下生物标志物保存的astrobiological研究
Pável U Martínez-Pabello,María Colín-García,María-Paz Zorzano et al.
Pável U Martínez-Pabello et al.
Lipids constitute resistant biomarkers that have been proposed as pacemakers in the search for possible microbial life-forms in Mars' past. The extreme conditions on the surface of Mars-such as high levels of radiation and the presence of b...
Detecting Fundamental Chiral Biosignatures in the Ultraviolet Polarization Spectrum [0.03%]
紫外偏振光谱中检测基本手性生物标志物
William B Sparks,Thomas A Germer,Frank T Robb et al.
William B Sparks et al.
Chiral molecules are ubiquitous and necessary for life as we know it. In extant life, the amino acid and sugar constituents of proteins and biopolymers consist of only one enantiomer. This "homochirality" is plausibly generic to any biochem...
Identifying Amino Acid Isomers with Mass Spectrometry on Icy Ocean Moons [0.03%]
用质谱法在冰封海洋卫星上鉴定氨基酸异构体
Janine Bönigk,Maryse Napoleoni,Fabian Klenner et al.
Janine Bönigk et al.
Enceladus and Europa are compelling targets for astrobiology investigations due to their potentially habitable subsurface oceans connected to the icy surface by geological processes. Both moons emit ice grains either ejected via micrometeor...
The Lipidome of a Mars Analog Poly-Extreme Community in Atacama Halite Endolith: Chemotaxonomy, Lipid Adaptation, and Implications for the Search for Extraplanetary Biosignatures [0.03%]
阿塔卡马盐类内生菌群的脂质组：化学分类、脂质适应以及寻找地外生物标志物的意义
Stephanie Kusch,Florence Schubotz,Julio Sepúlveda et al.
Stephanie Kusch et al.
We analyzed the lipidome of the endolithic community in halite nodules from Salar Grande in the hyperarid Atacama Desert, which is considered an analog for martian subsurface environments. We tested the utility of complex functionalized lip...
Precellular System Models and the Struggle Against Reductionism: Revisiting a Scientific and Philosophical Debate [0.03%]
非细胞系统模型与反对还原论：重温一场科学哲学辩论
José Alberto Campillo-Balderas,Ricardo Hernández-Morales,Antonio Lazcano
José Alberto Campillo-Balderas
This article provides a discussion of the scientific, intellectual, and ideological frameworks that influenced Oparin's formulation of the heterotrophic theory of the origin of life. Based on a Darwinian perspective, Oparin rejected the gen...
The Only Constant of Life's Origin is Change: The Importance of Chemical Fluxes in Prebiotic Environments [0.03%]
生命起源的唯一恒量是变化：前生物环境中化学通量的重要性
Craig R Walton,Skyla B White,Paul B Rimmer
Craig R Walton
High concentrations have long been thought to be important in prebiotic chemistry as they offer a way to circumvent a lack of available enzymatic catalysis to overcome kinetic barriers. Here, we argue that fluxes and timescales are also of ...