Howard G Parsons,Michael A George,Sheila M Innis
Howard G Parsons
Differences in growth curves can influence the diagnosis of under- and overnutrition, and the interpretation of adequate growth following nutrition intervention. This effect is notable when comparing the World Health Organization (WHO) 2006...
Joseph G Cheatham,Roy K H Wong
Joseph G Cheatham
Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by aperistalsis and incomplete or absent relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The cause of the disease remains elusive and there is no intervention that improv...
Radu Tutuian
Radu Tutuian
Epidemiologic, endoscopic, and pathophysiologic studies document the relationship between obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Increased body mass index and accumulation of visceral fat are associated with a two- to threefold...
Stefan Scholz,Khalid Sharif
Stefan Scholz
Management of children with portal hypertension has evolved considerably over the past decades. Development of physiologic shunts (meso-Rex bypass) and successful liver transplant has changed the paradigm of portal hypertension surgery. Chi...
John E Fortunato,Carmen Cuffari
John E Fortunato
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a relatively safe and minimally invasive surgical method for providing enteral access in children. In pediatrics, the indications for PEG placement frequently include malnutrition or failure to t...
Intestinal obstruction syndromes in cystic fibrosis: meconium ileus, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, and constipation [0.03%]
囊性纤维化所致肠梗阻综合征：胎粪性肠梗阻、远端小肠肠梗阻综合征和便秘
Hubert P J van der Doef,Freddy T M Kokke,Cornelis K van der Ent et al.
Hubert P J van der Doef et al.
Meconium ileus at birth, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), and constipation are an interrelated group of intestinal obstruction syndromes with a variable severity of obstruction that occurs in cystic fibrosis patients. Long-ter...
Katherine S Garman,Nicholas J Shaheen
Katherine S Garman
Barrett's esophagus has gained increased clinical attention because of its association with esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer with increasing incidence and poor survival rates. The goals of ablating Barrett's esophagus are to decrease eso...
Diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis: current approach and future directions [0.03%]
嗜酸细胞性食管炎的诊断：目前的方法和未来的发展方向
Evan S Dellon
Evan S Dellon
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a chronic inflammatory condition with a rapidly evolving epidemiology, is now a major cause of esophageal disease. Current guidelines emphasize that EoE is a clinicopathologic condition with the following cri...
Evaluation of patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux: a practical approach [0.03%]
疑似喉咽反流患者的评估：实用方法
Anas Abou-Ismail,Michael F Vaezi
Anas Abou-Ismail
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is associated with symptoms of laryngeal irritation such as throat pain, cough, and voice change. Currently, the two main diagnostic tools are laryngoscopy and reflux monitoring. On laryngoscopy, the signs mos...
Exploring the differential diagnosis of joint complaints in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease [0.03%]
探究炎症性肠病儿科患者的关节主诉的鉴别诊断
Jennifer Dotson,Wallace Crandall,Sharon Bout-Tabaku
Jennifer Dotson
About one quarter of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience an extraintestinal manifestation, with the most common being arthritis or arthralgia. Because of the frequency of these joint complaints and their effect on qual...