The Measurement Error Elephant in the Room: Challenges and Solutions to Measurement Error in Epidemiology [0.03%]
elephant房间里的测量误差：流行病学中测量误差的挑战和解决方案
Gabriel K Innes,Fiona Bhondoekhan,Bryan Lau et al.
Gabriel K Innes et al.
Measurement error, although ubiquitous, is uncommonly acknowledged and rarely assessed or corrected in epidemiologic studies. This review offers a straightforward guide to common problems caused by measurement error in research studies and ...
The Revolution Will Be Hard to Evaluate: How Co-Occurring Policy Changes Affect Research on the Health Effects of Social Policies [0.03%]
革命将难以评估：共存的政策变化如何影响社会政策对健康影响的研究
Ellicott C Matthay,Erin Hagan,Spruha Joshi et al.
Ellicott C Matthay et al.
Extensive empirical health research leverages variation in the timing and location of policy changes as quasi-experiments. Multiple social policies may be adopted simultaneously in the same locations, creating co-occurrence that must be add...
Assumptions Not Often Assessed or Satisfied in Published Mediation Analyses in Psychology and Psychiatry [0.03%]
心理学和精神医学中发表的中介分析中经常不被评估或满足的假设
Elizabeth A Stuart,Ian Schmid,Trang Nguyen et al.
Elizabeth A Stuart et al.
Mediation analysis aims to investigate the mechanisms of action behind the effects of interventions or treatments. Given the history and common use of mediation in mental health research, we conducted this review to understand how mediation...
Is the Way Forward to Step Back? Documenting the Frequency With Which Study Goals Are Misaligned With Study Methods and Interpretations in the Epidemiologic Literature [0.03%]
前进的道路是否是后退？记录流行病学文献中研究目标与研究方法和解释不一致的频率
Katrina L Kezios
Katrina L Kezios
In any research study, there is an underlying process that should begin with a clear articulation of the study's goal. The study's goal drives this process; it determines many study features, including the estimand of interest, the analytic...
Observational Study
Epidemiologic reviews. 2022 Jan 14;43(1):4-18. DOI:10.1093/epirev/mxab008 2022
Evolution and Reproducibility of Simulation Modeling in Epidemiology and Health Policy Over Half a Century [0.03%]
半个多世纪以来流行病学与卫生政策中的模拟建模的发展与可重复性研究
Mohammad S Jalali,Catherine DiGennaro,Abby Guitar et al.
Mohammad S Jalali et al.
Simulation models are increasingly being used to inform epidemiologic studies and health policy, yet there is great variation in their transparency and reproducibility. In this review, we provide an overview of applications of simulation mo...
Fangyu Liu,Amal A Wanigatunga,Jennifer A Schrack
Fangyu Liu
The health benefits of physical activity (PA) have been widely recognized, yet traditional measures of PA, including questionnaires and category-based assessments of volume and intensity, provide only broad estimates of daily activities. Ac...
What to Do When Everything Happens at Once: Analytic Approaches to Estimate the Health Effects of Co-Occurring Social Policies [0.03%]
当所有事情同时发生时该怎么做：估算社会政策并发情况下的健康影响的分析方法
Ellicott C Matthay,Laura M Gottlieb,David Rehkopf et al.
Ellicott C Matthay et al.
Social policies have great potential to improve population health and reduce health disparities. Increasingly, those doing empirical research have sought to quantify the health effects of social policies by exploiting variation in the timin...
Matching Methods for Confounder Adjustment: An Addition to the Epidemiologist's Toolbox [0.03%]
匹配方法用于混杂因素调整：流行病学研究者的工具箱补充一篇文章
Noah Greifer,Elizabeth A Stuart
Noah Greifer
Propensity score weighting and outcome regression are popular ways to adjust for observed confounders in epidemiologic research. Here, we provide an introduction to matching methods, which serve the same purpose but can offer advantages in ...
Longitudinal Methods for Modeling Exposures in Pharmacoepidemiologic Studies in Pregnancy [0.03%]
妊娠期药物流行病学研究中暴露建模的纵向方法
Mollie E Wood,Angela Lupattelli,Kristin Palmsten et al.
Mollie E Wood et al.
In many perinatal pharmacoepidemiologic studies, exposure to a medication is classified as "ever exposed" versus "never exposed" within each trimester or even over the entire pregnancy. This approach is often far from real-world exposure pa...
Marlieke E A de Kraker,Marc Lipsitch
Marlieke E A de Kraker
The increased focus on the public health burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) raises conceptual challenges, such as determining how much harm multidrug-resistant organisms do compared to what, or how to establish the burden. Here, we pr...