Addressing Health Inequities in Digital Clinical Trials: A Review of Challenges and Solutions From the Field of HIV Research [0.03%]
应对数字临床试验中的健康不平等：艾滋病研究领域面临的挑战与解决方案综述
Andrea L Wirtz,Carmen H Logie,Lawrence Mbuagbaw
Andrea L Wirtz
Clinical trials are considered the gold standard for establishing efficacy of health interventions, thus determining which interventions are brought to scale in health care and public health programs. Digital clinical trials, broadly define...
Paris B Adkins-Jackson,Nancy J Burke,Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa et al.
Paris B Adkins-Jackson et al.
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed weaknesses in the public health infrastructure of the United States, including persistent barriers to engaging marginalized communities toward inclusion in clinical research, including trials. Inclusive partic...
Econometric Issues in Prospective Economic Evaluations Alongside Clinical Trials: Combining the Nonparametric Bootstrap With Methods That Address Missing Data [0.03%]
临床试验中的经济评估中的计量经济学问题：结合非参自展法处理缺失数据的方法
Ali Jalali,Rulla M Tamimi,Sterling M McPherson et al.
Ali Jalali et al.
Prospective economic evaluations conducted alongside clinical trials have become an increasingly popular approach in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of a public health initiative or treatment intervention. These types of economic studies ...
Comparing the Value of Data Visualization Methods for Communicating Harms in Clinical Trials [0.03%]
比较临床试验中传达危害的数据可视化方法的价值
Riaz Qureshi,Xiwei Chen,Carsten Goerg et al.
Riaz Qureshi et al.
In clinical trials, harms (i.e., adverse events) are often reported by simply counting the number of people who experienced each event. Reporting only frequencies ignores other dimensions of the data that are important for stakeholders, inc...
A Review of the Ring Trial Design for Evaluating Ring Interventions for Infectious Diseases [0.03%]
评估传染病环形干预措施的环形试验设计综述
Zachary Butzin-Dozier,Tejas S Athni,Jade Benjamin-Chung
Zachary Butzin-Dozier
In trials of infectious disease interventions, rare outcomes and unpredictable spatiotemporal variation can introduce bias, reduce statistical power, and prevent conclusive inferences. Spillover effects can complicate inference if individua...
Closing the Gap Between Observational Research and Randomized Controlled Trials for Prevention of Alzheimer Disease and Dementia [0.03%]
弥合观察性研究与阿尔茨海默病和痴呆预防随机对照试验之间的差距
Melinda C Power,Brittany C Engelman,Jingkai Wei et al.
Melinda C Power et al.
Although observational studies have identified modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD), randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of risk factor modification for ADRD prevention have been inconsistent or inconcl...
The Conundrum of Clinical Trials for the Uveitides: Appropriate Outcome Measures for One Treatment Used in Several Diseases [0.03%]
自身免疫性葡萄膜炎临床试验的困境——一种疗法、多种疾病的结局指标选择问题
Douglas A Jabs,Meghan K Berkenstock,Michael M Altaweel et al.
Douglas A Jabs et al.
The uveitides consist of >30 diseases characterized by intraocular inflammation. Noninfectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitides typically are treated with oral corticosteroids and immunosuppression, with a similar treatment approac...
A Systematic Review of Simulation Models to Track and Address the Opioid Crisis [0.03%]
跟踪和解决阿片类危机的仿真模型的系统性回顾
Magdalena Cerdá,Mohammad S Jalali,Ava D Hamilton et al.
Magdalena Cerdá et al.
The opioid overdose crisis is driven by an intersecting set of social, structural, and economic forces. Simulation models are a tool to help us understand and address thiscomplex, dynamic, and nonlinear social phenomenon. We conducted a sys...
Kara E Rudolph,Bryan Lau
Kara E Rudolph
Monte Carlo Simulation Approaches for Quantitative Bias Analysis: A Tutorial [0.03%]
定量偏差分析的蒙特卡罗模拟方法：一个教程
Hailey R Banack,Eleanor Hayes-Larson,Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
Hailey R Banack
Quantitative bias analysis can be used to empirically assess how far study estimates are from the truth (i.e., an estimate that is free of bias). These methods can be used to explore the potential impact of confounding bias, selection bias ...