Phenotypic Alterations in Cortical Organization and Connectivity across Different Time Scales [0.03%]
皮层结构和连接在不同时间尺度上的表型变化
Mackenzie Englund,Leah Krubitzer
Mackenzie Englund
In the following review, we describe the types of phenotypic changes to the neocortex that occur over the longer time scale of evolution, and over the shorter time scale of an individual lifetime. To understand how phenotypic variability em...
Fernanda G Duque,Laura L Carruth
Fernanda G Duque
Hummingbirds exhibit complex vocal repertoires that they use in their social interactions. Furthermore, they are capable of vocal production learning, an ability they share with songbirds, parrots, some non-oscine birds, and some mammals in...
Sabrina S Burmeister
Sabrina S Burmeister
The underlying hypothesis that motivates research into the relationship between ecology, cognition, and the hippocampus is that selection to solve problems in nature shapes cognition through changes in the hippocampus. This hypothesis has b...
Multi-Level Effects Driving Cognitive and Behavioral Variability among Prairie Voles: Insights into Reproductive Decision-Making from Biological Levels of Organization [0.03%]
多层次驱动草原田鼠认知和行为变异的影响：从生物组织水平对繁殖决策的见解
Santiago A Forero,Alexander G Ophir
Santiago A Forero
Behavioral phenotypes play an active role in maximizing fitness and shaping the evolutionary trajectory of species by offsetting the ecological and social environmental factors individuals experience. How these phenotypes evolve and how the...
The Multiple Contexts of Brain Scaling: Phenotypic Integration in Brain and Behavioral Evolution [0.03%]
多层面探讨脑的规模：脑和行为进化的表型整合
Barbara L Finlay
Barbara L Finlay
Understanding the adaptive functions of increasing brain size have occupied scientists for decades. Here, taking the general perspective of the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, the question of how brains change in size will be considered in...
José Luis Ferran,Manuel Irimia,Luis Puelles
José Luis Ferran
This essay re-examines the singular case of the supposedly unique rostrally elongated notochord described classically in amphioxus. We start from our previous observations in hpf 21 larvae [Albuixech-Crespo et al.: PLoS Biol. 2017;15(4):e20...
A Smaller Habenula is Associated with Increasing Intensity of Sexual Selection [0.03%]
较小的哈贝努拉与日益增强的性选择强度有关
Daniel Hoops,Martin J Whiting,J Scott Keogh
Daniel Hoops
The habenula is a small structure in the brain that acts as a relay station for neural information, helping to modulate behaviour in response to variable and unpredictable stimuli. Broadly, it is evolutionarily conserved in structure and co...
Laura R Fenlon
Laura R Fenlon
One of the biggest mysteries in neurobiology concerns the mechanisms responsible for the diversification of the brain over different time scales, i.e. during development and evolution. Subtle differences in the timing of biological processe...
Sickness and the Social Brain: How the Immune System Regulates Behavior across Species [0.03%]
疾病与社交大脑：免疫系统如何跨物种调节行为
Benjamin A Devlin,Caroline J Smith,Staci D Bilbo
Benjamin A Devlin
Many instances of sickness critically involve the immune system. The immune system talks to the brain in a bidirectional loop. This discourse affords the immune system immense control, such that it can influence behavior and optimize recove...
Immunolabeling Provides Evidence for Subregions in the Songbird Nucleus Accumbens and Suggests a Context-Dependent Role in Song in Male European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) [0.03%]
免疫标记法提供了关于鸣鸟伏隔核亚区的证据，并暗示了雄性欧洲椋鸟(Sturnus vulgaris)在歌曲中的依赖于语境的作用。
Brandon J Polzin,Sarah A Heimovics,Lauren V Riters
Brandon J Polzin
Birdsong is well known for its role in mate attraction during the breeding season. However, many birds, including European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), also sing outside the breeding season as part of large flocks. Song in a breeding conte...