Innate food aversions and culturally transmitted food taboos in pregnant women in rural southwest India: separate systems to protect the fetus? [0.03%]
印度农村地区的先天性食物厌恶和孕期妇女的文化习俗禁忌：保护胎儿的独立系统？
Caitlyn D Placek,Purnima Madhivanan,Edward H Hagen
Caitlyn D Placek
Pregnancy increases women's nutritional requirements, yet causes aversions to nutritious foods. Most societies further restrict pregnant women's diet with food taboos. Pregnancy food aversions are theorized to protect mothers and fetuses fr...
Acquisition of a socially learned tool use sequence in chimpanzees: Implications for cumulative culture [0.03%]
黑猩猩社会学习获得连贯性工具使用行为及其对文化积叠性的含义
Gillian L Vale,Sarah J Davis,Susan P Lambeth et al.
Gillian L Vale et al.
Cumulative culture underpins humanity's enormous success as a species. Claims that other animals are incapable of cultural ratcheting are prevalent, but are founded on just a handful of empirical studies. Whether cumulative culture is uniqu...
Markel Palmstierna,Anna Frangou,Anna Wallette et al.
Markel Palmstierna et al.
In small scale societies, lethal attacks on another individual usually invite revenge by the victim's family. We might expect those who perpetrate such attacks to do so only when their own support network (mainly family) is larger than that...
Kin and birth order effects on male child mortality: three East Asian populations, 1716-1945 [0.03%]
亲子关系和出生顺序对男性儿童死亡率的影响：1716至1945年的东亚三国人口研究
Hao Dong,Matteo Manfredini,Satomi Kurosu et al.
Hao Dong et al.
Human child survival depends on adult investment, typically from parents. However, in spite of recent research advances on kin influence and birth order effects on human infant and child mortality, studies that directly examine the interact...
Silent disco: dancing in synchrony leads to elevated pain thresholds and social closeness [0.03%]
静默迪斯科：同步跳舞提高疼痛忍受度并增进社会认同感
Bronwyn Tarr,Jacques Launay,Robin I M Dunbar
Bronwyn Tarr
Moving in synchrony leads to cooperative behaviour and feelings of social closeness, and dance (involving synchronisation to others and music) may cause social bonding, possibly as a consequence of released endorphins. This study uses an ex...
Group music performance causes elevated pain thresholds and social bonding in small and large groups of singers [0.03%]
团体音乐表演可提高歌唱小组和个人的耐痛阈并增进社会联系
Daniel Weinstein,Jacques Launay,Eiluned Pearce et al.
Daniel Weinstein et al.
Over our evolutionary history, humans have faced the problem of how to create and maintain social bonds in progressively larger groups compared to those of our primate ancestors. Evidence from historical and anthropological records suggests...
Chimpanzees copy dominant and knowledgeable individuals: implications for cultural diversity [0.03%]
黑猩猩模仿有支配力和知情的个体：对文化多样性的含义
Rachel Kendal,Lydia M Hopper,Andrew Whiten et al.
Rachel Kendal et al.
Evolutionary theory predicts that natural selection will fashion cognitive biases to guide when, and from whom, individuals acquire social information, but the precise nature of these biases, especially in ecologically valid group contexts,...
A test of the facultative calibration/reactive heritability model of extraversion [0.03%]
外向性的可塑性校准/反应遗传模型的检验
Hannah J Haysom,Dorian G Mitchem,Anthony J Lee et al.
Hannah J Haysom et al.
A model proposed by Lukaszewski and Roney (2011) suggests that each individual's level of extraversion is calibrated to other traits that predict the success of an extraverted behavioural strategy. Under 'facultative calibration', extravers...
Facial averageness and genetic quality: Testing heritability, genetic correlation with attractiveness, and the paternal age effect [0.03%]
面部平均性和遗传质量：测试遗传性、与吸引力的遗传相关性以及父龄效应
Anthony J Lee,Dorian G Mitchem,Margaret J Wright et al.
Anthony J Lee et al.
Popular theory suggests that facial averageness is preferred in a partner for genetic benefits to offspring. However, whether facial averageness is associated with genetic quality is yet to be established. Here, we computed an objective mea...
Charles Efferson,Carlos P Roca,Sonja Vogt et al.
Charles Efferson et al.
For cooperation to evolve, some mechanism must limit the rate at which cooperators are exposed to defectors. Only then can the advantages of mutual cooperation outweigh the costs of being exploited. Although researchers widely agree on this...