Is there a legacy of the U.S. Public Health Syphilis Study at Tuskegee in HIV/AIDS-related beliefs among heterosexual African-Americans and Latinos? [0.03%]
美国公共卫生梅毒研究试验对异性恋非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人艾滋病/ AIDS相关信仰的遗赠吗？
Vickie M Mays,Courtney N Coles,Susan D Cochran
Vickie M Mays
Knowledge of the US Public Health Syphilis Study at Tuskegee is sometime cited as a principal reason for the relatively low participation rates seen among racial/ethnic minorities, particularly African Americans, in biomedical research. How...
Environmental Factors Contributing to Wrongdoing in Medicine: A Criterion-Based Review of Studies and Cases [0.03%]
基于标准的医学伦理失范研究和案例审查riteria-based review of studies and cases)
James M Dubois,Kelly Carroll,Tyler Gibb et al.
James M Dubois et al.
In this paper we describe our approach to understanding wrongdoing in medical research and practice, which involves the statistical analysis of coded data from a large set of published cases. We focus on understanding the environmental fact...
Unique Ethical Concerns in Clinical Trials Comparing Psychosocial and Psychopharmalogical Interventions [0.03%]
心理社会干预和心理药理学干预临床试验的独特伦理问题
Lisa R Stines,Norah C Feeny
Lisa R Stines
In recent years, there has been a particular emphasis placed on conducting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare the relative efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. This article addresses relevant ethical con...
Exploratory Health Disparities Research: The Need to Provide a Tangible Benefit to Vulnerable Respondents [0.03%]
探索性卫生差异研究：为脆弱受访者提供切实利益的必要性
Maghboeba Mosavel,Christian Simon
Maghboeba Mosavel
This article examines the responsibilities of researchers who conduct exploratory research to provide a service to vulnerable respondents. The term "service" is used to denote the provision of a tangible benefit in relation to the research ...
Do Research Intermediaries Reduce Perceived Coercion to Enter Research Trials Among Criminally Involved Substance Abusers? [0.03%]
研究中介者能否减少刑满释放的药物滥用者的入组感知强制性？
David S Festinger,Karen L Dugosh,Jason R Croft et al.
David S Festinger et al.
We examined the efficacy of including a research intermediary (RI) during the consent process in reducing participants' perceptions of coercion to enroll in a research study. Eighty-four drug court clients being recruited into an ongoing st...
Corrected Feedback: A Procedure to Enhance Recall of Informed Consent to Research among Substance Abusing Offenders [0.03%]
纠正反馈：增强物质滥用犯罪者研究知情同意回忆的程序
David S Festinger,Karen L Dugosh,Jason R Croft et al.
David S Festinger et al.
This study examined the efficacy of corrected feedback for improving consent recall throughout the course of an ongoing longitudinal study. Participants (N = 135) were randomly assigned to either a corrected feedback or a no-feedback contro...
The Influence of Temporal Orientation and Affective Frame on use of Ethical Decision-Making Strategies [0.03%]
时间导向和情感框架对伦理决策策略的影响研究
Laura E Martin,Cheryl K Stenmark,Chase E Thiel et al.
Laura E Martin et al.
This study examined the role of temporal orientation and affective frame in the execution of ethical decision-making strategies. In reflecting on a past experience or imagining a future experience, participants thought about experiences tha...
Both Sides of the Coin: Randomization from the Perspectives of Physician-Investigators and Patient-Subjects [0.03%]
硬币的两面：研究医生和受试患者眼中的随机化过程
Tsiao Yi Yap,Kathleen A Kassimatis,Eric Kodish
Tsiao Yi Yap
Randomization is the "gold standard" design for clinical research trials, and is accepted as the best way to reduce bias. Although some controversy remains over this matter, we believe equipoise is the fundamental ethical requirement for co...
Ryan P Brown,Michael Tamborski,Xiaoqian Wang et al.
Ryan P Brown et al.
Recent studies lead to the paradoxical conclusion that the act of affirming one's egalitarian or pro-social values and virtues might subsequently facilitate prejudiced or self-serving behavior, an effect previously referred to as "moral cre...
The Effective Treatment of Juveniles Who Sexually Offend: An Ethical Imperative [0.03%]
未成年性侵犯者的有效治疗是一项伦理要求
Elizabeth J Letourneau,Charles M Borduin
Elizabeth J Letourneau
This article raises serious concerns regarding the widespread use of unproven interventions with juveniles who sexually offend and suggests innovative methods for addressing these concerns. Dominant interventions (i.e., cognitive-behavioral...