Virtual prey with Lévy motion are preferentially attacked by predatory fish [0.03%]
Levy运动的虚拟猎物更容易受到鱼类捕食者的攻击
Christos C Ioannou,Luis Arrochela Braga Carvalho,Chessy Budleigh et al.
Christos C Ioannou et al.
Of widespread interest in animal behavior and ecology is how animals search their environment for resources, and whether these search strategies are optimal. However, movement also affects predation risk through effects on encounter rates, ...
Low incidence of cannibalism among brood parasitic cuckoo catfish embryos [0.03%]
寄生育鸭嘴鱼胚胎极少出现同类相食现象
Holger Zimmerman,Deryk Tolman,Martin Reichard
Holger Zimmerman
Brood parasites have demanding needs of host resources. Brood parasitic offspring are highly competitive and frequently cause the failure of host broods and the survival of a single parasitic offspring. Accordingly, virulent brood parasites...
Divergent foraging strategies between populations of sympatric matrilineal killer whales [0.03%]
同域分布的母系虎鲸种群间的觅食策略差异
Jennifer B Tennessen,Marla M Holt,Brianna M Wright et al.
Jennifer B Tennessen et al.
In cooperative species, human-induced rapid environmental change may threaten cost-benefit tradeoffs of group behavioral strategies that evolved in past environments. Capacity for behavioral flexibility can increase population viability in ...
Nest material preferences in wild hazel dormice Muscardinus avellanarius: testing predictions from optimal foraging theory [0.03%]
野生欧洲榛睡鼠（Muscardinus avellanarius）筑巢材料偏好：检验最优觅食理论的预测
Sarah A Collins,Sarah M Lane,Minako Ishibashi et al.
Sarah A Collins et al.
Obtaining nesting material presents an optimal foraging problem, collection of materials incurs a cost in terms of risk of predation and energy spent and individuals must balance these costs with the benefits of using that material in the n...
Relatedness modulates reproductive competition among queens in ant societies with multiple queens [0.03%]
亲缘关系调节多后蚁社会中繁殖竞争
Heikki Helanterä,Martina Ozan,Liselotte Sundström
Heikki Helanterä
Reproductive sharing in animal groups with multiple breeders, insects and vertebrates alike, contains elements of both conflict and cooperation, and depends on both relatedness between co-breeders, as well as their internal and external con...
Grandparental co-residence and grandchild survival: the role of resource competition in a pre-industrial population [0.03%]
祖父母与孙子女同住与孙子女生存状况：资源竞争的作用——基于工业化之前的人口的研究
Simon Chapman,Mirkka Danielsbacka,Antti O Tanskanen et al.
Simon Chapman et al.
Although grandparents are and have been important alloparents to their grandchildren, they are not necessarily only beneficial but can also compete with grandchildren over limited resources. Competition over parental care or other resources...
Variable ambient temperature promotes song learning and production in zebra finches [0.03%]
环境温度变化促进斑马雀的歌曲学习和创作
Maëlle Lefeuvre,ChuChu Lu,Carlos A Botero et al.
Maëlle Lefeuvre et al.
Current climate change is leading to increasingly unpredictable environmental conditions and is imposing new challenges to wildlife. For example, ambient conditions fluctuating during critical developmental periods could potentially impair ...
Opposite-sex associations are linked with annual fitness, but sociality is stable over lifetime [0.03%]
异配联系与年度健康相关，但社交性一生稳定不变
Jamie Dunning,Terry Burke,Alex Hoi Hang Chan et al.
Jamie Dunning et al.
Animal sociality, an individual's propensity to associate with others, has fitness consequences through mate choice, for example, directly, by increasing the pool of prospective partners, and indirectly through increased survival, and indiv...
Age, but not an immune challenge, triggers terminal investment in the Pacific field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus [0.03%]
衰老而不是免疫应答触发太平洋田野蟋蟀的绝育投资现象
Nicola-Anne J Rutkowski,Yong Zhi Foo,Therésa M Jones et al.
Nicola-Anne J Rutkowski et al.
The terminal investment hypothesis proposes that, when individuals are faced with a threat to survival, they will increase investment in current reproduction. The level of the threat necessary to elicit terminal investment (the dynamic term...
Varying benefits of generalist and specialist camouflage in two versus four background environments [0.03%]
两种与四种背景环境下的伪装的变益效应：通用伪装和专用伪装的比较
Anna E Hughes,Emmanuelle S Briolat,Lina María Arenas et al.
Anna E Hughes et al.
Background-matching camouflage is a well-established strategy to reduce detection, but implementing this on heterogeneous backgrounds is challenging. For prey with fixed color patterns, solutions include specializing on a particular visual ...