On the interplay of regional mobility, social connectedness and the spread of COVID-19 in Germany [0.03%]
德国区域流动性、社会联系与COVID-19传播之间的相互作用
Cornelius Fritz,Göran Kauermann
Cornelius Fritz
Since the primary mode of respiratory virus transmission is person-to-person interaction, we are required to reconsider physical interaction patterns to mitigate the number of people infected with COVID-19. While research has shown that non...
A downscaling approach to compare COVID-19 count data from databases aggregated at different spatial scales [0.03%]
一种用于比较来自以不同空间尺度聚合的数据库中的COVID-19计数数据的降尺度方法
Andre Python,Andreas Bender,Marta Blangiardo et al.
Andre Python et al.
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to threaten various regions around the world, obtaining accurate and reliable COVID-19 data is crucial for governments and local communities aiming at rigorously assessing the extent and magnitude of the v...
Optimally Balanced Gaussian Process Propensity Scores for Estimating Treatment Effects [0.03%]
用于估计处理效果的最优平衡高斯过程倾向得分
Brian G Vegetabile,Daniel L Gillen,Hal S Stern
Brian G Vegetabile
Propensity scores are commonly employed in observational study settings where the goal is to estimate average treatment effects. This paper introduces a flexible propensity score modeling approach, where the probability of treatment is mode...
A Bayesian parametric approach to handle missing longitudinal outcome data in trial-based health economic evaluations [0.03%]
试验基于保健经济效益评估中处理纵向结果数据缺失的一种贝叶斯参数方法
Andrea Gabrio,Michael J Daniels,Gianluca Baio
Andrea Gabrio
Trial-based economic evaluations are typically performed on cross-sectional variables, derived from the responses for only the completers in the study, using methods that ignore the complexities of utility and cost data (e.g. skewness and s...
Examining the causal mediating role of brain pathology on the relationship between diabetes and cognitive impairment: the Cardiovascular Health Study [0.03%]
糖尿病相关脑病理改变对认知功能的影响：心血管健康研究
Ryan M Andrews,Ilya Shpitser,Oscar Lopez et al.
Ryan M Andrews et al.
The paper examines whether diabetes mellitus leads to incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia through brain hypoperfusion and white matter disease. We performed inverse odds ratio weighted causal mediation analyses to decompose the ...
Elizabeth L Ogburn,Ilya Shpitser,Youjin Lee
Elizabeth L Ogburn
Traditionally, statistical inference and causal inference on human subjects rely on the assumption that individuals are independently affected by treatments or exposures. However, recently there has been increasing interest in settings, suc...
A causal inference framework for cancer cluster investigations using publicly available data [0.03%]
基于公开数据的癌症集群调查的因果推理框架
Rachel C Nethery,Yue Yang,Anna J Brown et al.
Rachel C Nethery et al.
Often, a community becomes alarmed when high rates of cancer are noticed, and residents suspect that the cancer cases could be caused by a known source of hazard. In response, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that...
Joshua P Keller,Adam A Szpiro
Joshua P Keller
Unmeasured, spatially-structured factors can confound associations between spatial environmental exposures and health outcomes. Adding flexible splines to a regression model is a simple approach for spatial confounding adjustment, but the s...
Improving External Validity of Epidemiologic Cohort Analyses: A Kernel Weighting Approach [0.03%]
流行病学队列分析改进外部真实性的核加权方法
Lingxiao Wang,Barry I Graubard,Hormuzd A Katki et al.
Lingxiao Wang et al.
For various reasons, cohort studies generally forgo probability sampling required to obtain population representative samples. However, such cohorts lack population-representativeness, which invalidates estimates of population prevalences f...
Can genetics reveal the causes and consequences of educational attainment? [0.03%]
基因能揭示受教育程度的原因和结果吗？
Marcus Munafò,Neil M Davies,George Davey Smith
Marcus Munafò
There is an extensive literature on the causes of educational inequalities, and the life course consequences of educational attainment. Mendelian randomization, where genetic variants associated with exposures of interest are used as proxie...