J F Burke,K M Wets,P J Benson
J F Burke
D Whitmore,P Sassone-Corsi,N S Foulkes
D Whitmore
Over the past year, the first components of the mammalian clock have been identified; Clock, bmal1 and three homologs of Drosophila period have been cloned, all of which encode PAS proteins. Expression of the mammalian period gene oscillate...
Neural substrates of Drosophila rhythms revealed by mutants and molecular manipulations [0.03%]
果蝇节律的神经基础：点突变与分子操作的结果
M Kaneko
M Kaneko
In the fruit-fly Drosophila, rhythmic expression of the clock gene period is detected in cells throughout the body. Whereas these cells could be pacemakers for circadian rhythms of unknown physiological processes, the brain pacemakers are k...
Clocks regulating developmental processes [0.03%]
调控发育过程的钟 механизмы, регулирующиеdevelopmental процессы
O Pourquié
O Pourquié
Developmental clocks are hypothetical embryonic time-measuring devices--some are run by oscillators, whereas others depend on rate-limiting processes. Their existence has been deduced from recent studies of the timing of the midblastula tra...
X Li,J Borjigin,S H Snyder
X Li
Recent findings have clarified the mechanisms regulating the night- and pineal-specific transcription of serotonin N-acetyltransferase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin formation. Norepinephrine, acting via beta-adrenoceptors and cAMP ...
Functional and evolutionary implications of natural variation in clock genes [0.03%]
钟基因自然变异的功能和进化意义
R Costa,C P Kyriacou
R Costa
Nearly all studies of natural variation within clock genes involve the period (per) locus, which was originally isolated in the fruit-fly. Intra- and interspecific work on per has focused mostly on a region of Thr-Gly or Ser-Gly repeats, wh...
Activating inhibitors and inhibiting activators: a day in the life of a fly [0.03%]
激活抑制因子和抑制激活因子：苍蝇的一生
P E Hardin
P E Hardin
The circadian clock keeps time through an intracellular oscillator that requires rhythmic gene expression. In Drosophila melanogaster, the core of this oscillator is composed of a circadian feedback loop in which the transcription of the pe...
H A Cameron,R McKay
H A Cameron
A new interest in replacing neurons lost to trauma or disease has been generated by findings that challenge the traditional view of the static (irreparable) adult brain. The discovery of stem cells and neurogenesis in the adult central nerv...
F H Gage
F H Gage
While criteria for self-renewal and multipotentiality can be met with varying degrees of confidence on the basis of recent in vitro and in vivo experiments, a consensus definition of stem cells remains illusive. It has been demonstrated tha...
H Fujisawa,T Kitsukawa
H Fujisawa
Chemorepulsive signals that repel or paralyze neuronal growth cones have been found to play important roles in axon guidance in a stereotyped manner. Recent progress in the identification of neuropilins as the receptors for class III secret...