Jaan-Olle Andressoo,Mart Saarma
Jaan-Olle Andressoo
Majority of the brain dopamine (DA) neurons reside in a distinct area in the midbrain and project axons into the striatum and frontal cortex to control central nervous system (CNS) functions such as movement, motivation and mood. Age-associ...
Wei Ji Ma,Jeffrey M Beck,Alexandre Pouget
Wei Ji Ma
Systems neuroscience traditionally conceptualizes a population of spiking neurons as merely encoding the value of a stimulus. Yet, psychophysics has revealed that people take into account stimulus uncertainty when performing sensory or moto...
Russell A Poldrack
Russell A Poldrack
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has quickly become the most prominent tool in cognitive neuroscience. In this article, I outline some of the limits on the kinds of inferences that can be supported by fMRI, focusing particularly...
Andrew Caplin,Mark Dean
Andrew Caplin
The phasic firing rate of midbrain dopamine neurons has been shown to respond both to the receipt of rewarding stimuli, and the degree to which such stimuli are anticipated by the recipient. This has led to the hypothesis that these neurons...
Okihide Hikosaka,Ethan Bromberg-Martin,Simon Hong et al.
Okihide Hikosaka et al.
Reward information is represented by many subcortical areas and neuron types, which constitute a complex network. Its output is usually mediated by the basal ganglia where behaviors leading to rewards are disinhibited and behaviors leading ...
MicroRNAs in neurodegeneration [0.03%]
Natascha Bushati,Stephen M Cohen
Natascha Bushati
microRNAs (miRNAs) act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in diverse cellular and developmental processes. Many miRNAs are expressed specifically in the central nervous system, where they have roles in differentiation, ne...
Nerve injury signaling [0.03%]
Namiko Abe,Valeria Cavalli
Namiko Abe
Although neurons within the peripheral nervous system (PNS) have a remarkable ability to repair themselves after injury, neurons within the central nervous system (CNS) do not spontaneously regenerate. This problem has remained recalcitrant...
Ralph Adolphs
Ralph Adolphs
The amygdala's historical role in processing stimuli related to threat and fear is being modified to suggest a role that is broader and more abstract. Amygdala lesions impair the ability to seek out and make use of the eye region of faces, ...
Marie-Catherine Tiveron,Harold Cremer
Marie-Catherine Tiveron
The chemokine CXCL12 (or SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 have originally been described as regulators of cell interactions in the immune system. However, over the past years it has become clear that this receptor/ligand pair is an important c...
David M Eagleman
David M Eagleman
Why does a clock sometimes appear stopped? Is it possible to perceive the world in slow motion during a car accident? Can action and effect be reversed? Time perception is surprisingly prone to measurable distortions and illusions. The past...