Neil Stewart,Frouke Hermens,William J Matthews
Neil Stewart
We asked participants to make simple risky choices while we recorded their eye movements. We built a complete statistical model of the eye movements and found very little systematic variation in eye movements over the time course of a choic...
Neil Stewart,Simon Gächter,Takao Noguchi et al.
Neil Stewart et al.
In risky and other multiattribute choices, the process of choosing is well described by random walk or drift diffusion models in which evidence is accumulated over time to threshold. In strategic choices, level-k and cognitive hierarchy mod...
'Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is!': Effects of Streaks on Confidence and Betting in a Binary Choice Task [0.03%]
“言行合一！”——连续成功对二元选择任务信心和博彩的影响
Bettina Studer,Eve H Limbrick-Oldfield,Luke Clark
Bettina Studer
Human choice under uncertainty is influenced by erroneous beliefs about randomness. In simple binary choice tasks, such as red/black predictions in roulette, long outcome runs (e.g. red, red, red) typically increase the tendency to predict ...
Do Student Evaluations of University Reflect Inaccurate Beliefs or Actual Experience? A Relative Rank Model [0.03%]
学生对大学的评价反映的是错误认识还是实际经历？相对排名模型视角
Gordon D A Brown,Alex M Wood,Ruth S Ogden et al.
Gordon D A Brown et al.
It was shown that student satisfaction ratings are influenced by context in ways that have important theoretical and practical implications. Using questions from the UK's National Student Survey, the study examined whether and how students'...
Identifying the Effects of Unjustified Confidence versus Overconfidence: Lessons Learned from Two Analytic Methods [0.03%]
自信与过度自信的影响识别：两种分析方法的启示
Andrew M Parker,Eric R Stone
Andrew M Parker
One of the most common findings in behavioral decision research is that people have unrealistic beliefs about how much they know. However, demonstrating that misplaced confidence exists does not necessarily mean that there are costs to it. ...
To Deliberate or Not to Deliberate: Interactions Between Age, Task Characteristics, and Cognitive Activity on Decision Making [0.03%]
深思熟虑还是浅尝辄止：年龄、任务特征和认知活动对决策行为的影响
Thomas M Hess,Tara L Queen,Taryn R Patterson
Thomas M Hess
The effects of aging and deliberative activities on decision making were examined. In two separate tasks, young, middle-aged, and older adults were presented with four alternatives and given instructions to choose the best one. Following st...
Individual Differences in Numeracy and Cognitive Reflection, with Implications for Biases and Fallacies in Probability Judgment [0.03%]
认知反映和数量感的个体差异及其对概率判断偏差的影响
Jordana M Liberali,Valerie F Reyna,Sarah Furlan et al.
Jordana M Liberali et al.
Despite evidence that individual differences in numeracy affect judgment and decision making, the precise mechanisms underlying how such differences produce biases and fallacies remain unclear. Numeracy scales have been developed without su...
Now for Me, Later for Us? Effects of Group Context on Temporal Discounting [0.03%]
现在为我，将来为我们吗？团体情境对时间贴现的影响
Shawn R Charlton,Richard Yi,Caitlin Porter et al.
Shawn R Charlton et al.
Delayed rewards are less valuable than immediate rewards. This well-established finding has focused almost entirely on individual outcomes. However, are delayed rewards similarly discounted if they are shared by a group? The current article...
The Martyrdom Effect: When Pain and Effort Increase Prosocial Contributions [0.03%]
痛与苦能增加亲社会行为——“烈士效应”
Christopher Y Olivola,Eldar Shafir
Christopher Y Olivola
Most theories of motivation and behavior (and lay intuitions alike) consider pain and effort to be deterrents. In contrast to this widely held view, we provide evidence that the prospect of enduring pain and exerting effort for a prosocial ...
Matthew P Bradstreet,Stephen T Higgins,Sarah H Heil et al.
Matthew P Bradstreet et al.
In this study we examined the association between social discounting and smoking status in a cohort of pregnant cigarette smokers (n=91), quitters (n=27), or never-smokers (n=30). The smokers and quitters were participants in clinical trial...