Insulin unexpectedly increases the glucose 6-phosphate Ka of skeletal muscle glycogen synthase in calorie-restricted monkeys [0.03%]
出人意料的是，在热量限制的猴子中胰岛素增加了骨骼肌糖原合成酶中的葡萄糖-6-磷酸离解常数数值
H K Ortmeyer,L Huang,J Larner et al.
H K Ortmeyer et al.
In skeletal muscle of normal subjects, the concentration of glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) at which the activity of glycogen synthase (GS) is half maximal (Ka) is decreased by in vivo insulin, and the fractional activity is increased without a c...
Malonyl CoA, long chain fatty acyl CoA and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle [0.03%]
丙二酰辅酶A、长链脂肪酸辅酶A与骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的关系
N B Ruderman,D Dean
N B Ruderman
Malonyl CoA is an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1), the enzyme that regulates the transfer of long chain fatty acyl CoA into mitochondria. By virtue of this effect, it is thought to play a key role in regulating fatty a...
Insulin resistance: site of the primary defect or how the current and the emerging therapies work [0.03%]
胰岛素抵抗：主要缺陷部位及其当前和未来的治疗方法作用机制
J W Kolaczynski,J F Caro
J W Kolaczynski
Insulin resistance is one of the cardinal pathophysiological components of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and frequently co-exists with essential hypertension. Although insulin resistance is defined as inadequate target organ (mus...
Mechanisms of insulin resistance in non-oxidative glucose metabolism: the role of glycogen synthase [0.03%]
非氧化型葡萄糖代谢的胰岛素抵抗机制：糖原合成酶的作用
H Beck-Nielsen
H Beck-Nielsen
Insulin-mediated non-oxidative glucose metabolism is more or less identical to glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle and that is why this pathway is specifically discussed in this paper. All three major steps in non-oxidative glucose proces...
The role of insulin and other hormones in the regulation of amino acid and protein metabolism in humans [0.03%]
人体内胰岛素等激素在氨基酸及蛋白质代谢调节中的作用
W R Miers,E J Barrett
W R Miers
While realizing the difficulties with the various methods used to study hormonal control of protein metabolism, there appear to be clear effects of both rapid-acting and slower-acting hormones. Moreover, some of these hormones affect protei...
J R Sowers,B Draznin
J R Sowers
There is considerable evidence that insulin and insulin-like growth factors regulate a number of important physiological functions in a variety of tissues, some not considered to be classically insulin sensitive. Impaired biological respons...
R N Bergman,S D Mittelman
R N Bergman
Mechanisms of insulin resistance in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes remain to be elucidated. Insulin acts slowly in vivo, but rapidly in vitro, suggesting that the pathway insulin traverses from B-cell to insulin sensitive tissue may b...
Inositolphosphoglycans (IPGs) as mediators of insulin's steroidogenic actions [0.03%]
肌醇磷酸糖通过介导胰岛素的类固醇生成作用发挥作用
J E Nestler
J E Nestler
PCOS is a unique model of insulin resistance in which one tissue (skeletal muscle) is resistant to insulin in terms of glucose metabolism whereas another tissue (ovarian thecal cells) maintains its responsiveness to insulin in terms of test...
M A Rizzo,G Romero
M A Rizzo
Insulin modulates many intracellular processes including cellular metabolism, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Some of these processes involve significant changes in the traffic of intracellular vesicles or in the structural org...
Role of SNARE's in the GLUT4 translocation response to insulin in adipose cells and muscle [0.03%]
SNARE在脂肪细胞和肌肉中对胰岛素的GLUT4转位反应中的作用
J F St-Denis,S W Cushman
J F St-Denis
Insulin stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle, heart, and adipose tissue by promoting the appearance of GLUT4, the major glucose transporter isoform present in these tissues, on the cell surface. This is achieved by differentially...