The children's republic of science in the antebellum literature of Samuel Griswold Goodrich and Jacob Abbott [0.03%]
塞缪尔·格里斯沃尔德·古德里奇和雅各布·阿博特的 antebellum 文学中的儿童科学共和国
Katherine Pandora
Katherine Pandora
The antebellum years in the United States were marked by vigorous debates about national identity in which issues of hierarchy, authority, and democratic values came under intense scrutiny. During this period, a prime objective of indigenou...
Material experiments: Environment and engineering institutions in the early American republic [0.03%]
材料实验：美国共和国初期的环境与工程机构
Ann Johnson
Ann Johnson
In nineteenth-century America, strength of materials, an engineering science, focused on empirical research that yielded practical tools about how to predict the behavior of a wide variety of materials engineers might encounter as they buil...
Projections of the revolutionary nation: French expeditions in the Pacific, 1791-1803 [0.03%]
革命之邦的海洋投影：法国在太平洋的远征（1791—1803）
Carol E Harrison
Carol E Harrison
Revolutionary France's two Pacific expeditions, under the command of Jean-Antoine Bruny d'Entrecasteaux (1792-94) and Nicolas Baudin (1801-1804), demonstrate the importance of scientific inquiry to the newly sovereign nation. France's scien...
Taming the primitive: Elie Metchnikov and his discovery of immune cells [0.03%]
驯服原始：伊莱·梅契尼科夫及其对免疫细胞的发现
Kirill Rossiianov
Kirill Rossiianov
This essay argues that the idea of race had a profound, yet unacknowledged, impact on Elie Metchnikov's research on immunity. Making the phagocytes, the most primitive cells of the body, responsible for the organism's integrity, Metchnikov ...
Wishful science: the persistence of T. D. Lysenko's agrobiology in the politics of science [0.03%]
科学梦想与政治现实——苏联农学家李森科及其农业生物学说的影响长期存在的原因分析
Nils Roll-Hansen
Nils Roll-Hansen
The suppression of genetics in Soviet Russia was the big scandal of twentieth-century science. It was also a test case for the role of scientists in a liberal democracy. The intellectual's perennial dilemma between scientific truthfulness a...
Olga Valkova
Olga Valkova
This essay describes the growing number of women in science in Russia from 1860 to 1940, analyzing the development of a significant community in terms of three generations. These generations are defined by the removal of various obstacles t...
Alexei Kojevnikov
Alexei Kojevnikov
The grand "Soviet experiment" constituted an attempt to greatly accelerate and even shortcut the gradual course of historical development on the assumption of presumed knowledge of the general laws of history. This paper discusses the parts...
Turning pedagogy into a science: teachers and psychologists in late imperial Russia (1897-1917) [0.03%]
从帝俄晚期(1897—1917年)看教育学的科学化：教师与心理学家
Andy Byford
Andy Byford
The article explores the Russian teachers' tortuous campaign at the beginning of the twentieth century to rise above the status of "semiprofessionals" by rooting the legitimacy of their professional expertise, training institutions, and wor...
The Heidelberg circle: German inflections on the professionalization of Russian chemistry in the 1860s [0.03%]
海德堡学派：19世纪60年代德国俄化学会专业化的发展影响
Michael D Gordin
Michael D Gordin
The success of the "second importation" of science to Russia during the Great Reforms of the 1860s is illustrated by examining the extended postdoctoral study of chemists in Heidelberg. While there, they adapted the Russian intelligentsia i...
Michael D Gordin,Karl Hall
Michael D Gordin
The concept of "intelligentsia" has had a long life both as an actors' category and as a tool of historical analysis to understand the role of the educated elite in Russia and the Soviet Union. For a variety of reasons, this term has not ac...