Human heredity and politics: A comparative institutional study of the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor (United States), the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (Germany), and the Maxim Gorky Medical Genetics Institute (USSR) [0.03%]
人类遗传与政治：对冷泉港美国优生学记录办公室、德国科赫威利人类遗传和优生学人类学研究所及苏联玛克西姆·高尔基医学遗传研究所的比较制度研究
Mark B Adams,Garland E Allen,Sheila Faith Weiss
Mark B Adams
Despite the fact that much has been written in recent years about the science of heredity under the Third Reich, there is as yet no satisfying analysis of two central questions: What, if anything, was peculiarly "Nazi" about human genetics ...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:232-62. DOI:10.1086/649420 2005
Pathways to human experimentation, 1933-1945: Germany, Japan, and the United States [0.03%]
1933-1945年的生物战人体实验路径：德国、日本及美国
Gerhard Baader,Susan E Lederer,Morris Low et al.
Gerhard Baader et al.
The history of human experimentation in the twelve years between Hitler's rise to power and the end of the Second World War is notorious in the annals of the twentieth century. The horrific experiments conducted at Dachau, Auschwitz, Ravens...
Molding national research systems: the introduction of penicillin to Germany and France [0.03%]
国家科研体系的形成：青霉素在德国和法国的引入
Jean-Paul Gaudillière,Bernd Gausemeier
Jean-Paul Gaudillière
In our historical imagination, penicillin plays the role of the good sister of the atomic bomb. It epitomizes the success of the U.S. scientific mobilization and the emergence of modem biomedicine. This chapter discusses the fate of penicil...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:180-202. DOI:10.1086/649418 2005
Olga Elina,Susanne Heim,Nils Roll-Hansen
Olga Elina
This paper examines the development of plant-breeding science in the context of the booming genetic research and autarky policy of the 1930s as well as during World War II in National Socialist-occupied Europe. Soviet scientists, especially...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:161-79. DOI:10.1086/649417 2005
Aerodynamics and mathematics in National Socialist Germany and Fascist Italy: a comparison of research institutes [0.03%]
纳粹德国与法西斯意大利的空气动力学和数学研究机构比较
Moritz Epple,Andreas Karachalios,Volker R Remmert
Moritz Epple
The article is concerned with the mathematical sciences in National Socialist Germany and Fascist Italy, with special attention to research important to the war effort. It focuses on three institutional developments: the expansion of the Ka...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:131-58. DOI:10.1086/649416 2005
Walter E Grunden,Mark Walker,Masakatsu Yamnazaki
Walter E Grunden
This article compares military research projects during the Second World War to develop nuclear weapons in Germany and Japan, two countries who lost the war and failed to create nuclear weapons. The performance and motivations of the scient...
Laying the foundation for wartime research: a comparative overview of science mobilization in National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union [0.03%]
纳粹德国、日本和苏联战时研究动员的科学基础之比较概述
Walter E Grunden,Yutaka Kawamura,Eduard Kolchinsky et al.
Walter E Grunden et al.
This chapter surveys wartime science mobilization within National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union to understand how each nation mobilized science resources for the war, how their approaches to mobilization differed, and how t...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:79-106. DOI:10.1086/649414 2005
National states and international science: A comparative history of international science congresses in Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia, and cold war United States [0.03%]
国家与国际科学：比较历史视角下的 Hitler 德国、Stalin 苏联和冷战美国的国际科学大会
Ronald E Doel,Dieter Hoffmann,Nikolai Krementsov
Ronald E Doel
Prior studies of modern scientific internationalism have been written primarily from the point of view of scientists, with little regard to the influence of the state. This study examines the state's role in international scientific relatio...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:49-76. DOI:10.1086/649413 2005
Purges in comparative perspective: Rules for exclusion and inclusion in the scientific community under political pressure [0.03%]
政治压力下科学界排斥与包容规则的比较透视研究
Richard Beyler,Alexei Kojevnikov,Jessica Wang
Richard Beyler
During the intense political upheaval that dominated the middle decades of the twentieth century, modern states intensified their drives to discipline broad sectors of society and ensure their political reliability. Subjected to such pressu...
Comparative Study
Osiris. 2005:20:23-48. DOI:10.1086/649412 2005
Pratik Chakrabarti
Pratik Chakrabarti
Medical practice and research in colonial India historically had been an imperial preserve, dominated by the elite members of the Indian Medical Service. This was contested from the 1900s on by the emerging Indian nationalism. This essay st...