Temperature, age of mating and starvation determine the role of maternal effects on sex allocation in the mealybug Planococcus citri [0.03%]
温度、交配年龄和饥饿决定母体效应在柑橘粉蚧性比分配中的作用
Laura Ross,Elizabeth J Dealey,Leo W Beukeboom et al.
Laura Ross et al.
Environmental effects on sex allocation are common, yet the evolutionary significance of these effects remains poorly understood. Environmental effects might influence parents, such that their condition directly influences sex allocation by...
Suvi Ruuskanen,Samuli Helle,Markus Ahola et al.
Suvi Ruuskanen et al.
Early androgen exposure is known to have long-lasting effects on phenotype, behaviour and even fitness, but difficulties in measuring the exposure hinders the study of its importance in evolutionary context. Digit ratios have been highlight...
Parental investment without kin recognition: Simple conditional rules for parent-offspring behavior [0.03%]
无需识别亲属关系的抚育投资：亲子行为的简单条件规则
C Athena Aktipis,Eduardo Fernandez-Duque
C Athena Aktipis
Species differ widely with regard to parental investment strategies and mechanisms underlying those strategies. The passing of benefits to likely offspring can be instantiated with a number of different computational and behavioral systems....
Polygyny and extra-pair paternity enhance the opportunity for sexual selection in blue tits [0.03%]
多配偶制和婚外生育增加蓝色凤头鸟性选择的机会
Oscar Vedder,Jan Komdeur,Marco van der Velde et al.
Oscar Vedder et al.
Polygyny and extra-pair paternity are generally thought to enhance sexual selection. However, the extent to which these phenomena increase variance in male reproductive success will depend on the covariance between success at these two stra...
Elinor M Lichtenberg,Michael Hrncir,Izabel C Turatti et al.
Elinor M Lichtenberg et al.
Foragers can improve search efficiency, and ultimately fitness, by using social information: cues and signals produced by other animals that indicate food location or quality. Social information use has been well studied in predator-prey sy...
The influence of refuge sharing on social behaviour in the lizard Tiliqua rugosa [0.03%]
共享避难所对皱纹鬣蜥社会行为的影响
Stephan T Leu,Peter M Kappeler,C Michael Bull
Stephan T Leu
Refuge sharing by otherwise solitary individuals during periods of inactivity is an integral part of social behaviour and has been suggested to be the precursor to more complex social behaviour. We compared social association patterns of ac...
Martha L Tobias,Anna Corke,Jeremy Korsh et al.
Martha L Tobias et al.
Male Xenopus laevis frogs produce underwater advertisement calls that attract gravid females and suppress calling by male competitors. Here we explore whether groups of males establish vocal ranks and whether auditory cues alone suffice for...
Mathematizing Darwin [0.03%]
达尔文的数学化
A W F Edwards
A W F Edwards
Ernst Mayr called the first part of the evolutionary synthesis the 'Fisherian synthesis' on account of the dominant role played by R.A. Fisher in forging a mathematical theory of natural selection together with J.B.S. Haldane and Sewall Wri...
Franz J Weissing,Pim Edelaar,G Sander van Doorn
Franz J Weissing
Speciation-the origin of new species-is the source of the diversity of life. A theory of speciation is essential to link poorly understood macro-evolutionary processes, such as the origin of biodiversity and adaptive radiation, to well unde...
Rapid cultural adaptation can facilitate the evolution of large-scale cooperation [0.03%]
快速的文化适应可以促进大规模合作的进化
Robert Boyd,Peter J Richerson,Joseph Henrich
Robert Boyd
Over the past several decades, we have argued that cultural evolution can facilitate the evolution of large-scale cooperation because it often leads to more rapid adaptation than genetic evolution, and, when multiple stable equilibria exist...