Dopamine spillover after quantal release: rethinking dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal pathway [0.03%]
纹状体多巴胺能通路中的多巴胺溢出现象及其对多巴胺传递的重新思考
Margaret E Rice,Stephanie J Cragg
Margaret E Rice
The predominance of dopamine (DA) receptors at extrasynaptic vs. synaptic sites implies that DA signaling is by diffusion-based volume transmission. In this review, we compare characteristics that regulate extracellular DA behavior in subst...
Emotional memory function, personality structure and psychopathology: a neural system approach to the identification of vulnerability markers [0.03%]
情感记忆功能、人格结构和心理病理学：识别易感标志的神经系统方法
Brian W Haas,Turhan Canli
Brian W Haas
It is well established that emotional events are ingrained stronger into memory relative to neutral events. Facilitated emotional memory is highly variable between individuals within the normal population and is particularly exacerbated in ...
The endocrine nervous system: source and target for neuroactive steroids [0.03%]
内分泌神经系统：神经活性类固醇的作用靶点和来源
G C Panzica,R C Melcangi
G C Panzica
For a long time the endocrine brain was considered to the hypothalamus and to its special relationships with the hypophysis. The discovery of the wide distribution of steroid hormone receptors, as well as that of the possibility of metaboli...
Graham Knott,Anthony Holtmaat
Graham Knott
Changes in sensory experience modify the function of the adult brain's neuronal circuits. This flexibility is reliant on the neurons' ability to change the strength of their connections. Most excitatory connections in the adult cerebral cor...
J Mena-Segovia,P Winn,J P Bolam
J Mena-Segovia
Dopamine neurons in the midbrain respond to behavioral events and environmental stimuli. Their different patterns of activation in turn modulate the activity of forebrain regions and modulate the expression of selective behavioral responses...
David S Ragsdale
David S Ragsdale
Voltage-gated sodium channels comprise pore-forming alpha subunits and auxiliary beta subunits. Nine different alpha subtypes, designated Nav1.1-Nav1.9 have been identified in excitable cells. Nav1.1, 1.2 and 1.6 are major subtypes in the a...
P Vasudevaraju,Bharathi,R M Garruto et al.
P Vasudevaraju et al.
DNA is a dynamic molecule, the conformation of which plays a major role in biological function. The non-B-form of DNA conformations are reported in the patho-physiology of diseases like Fragile X-syndrome, Huntington's chorea, Alzheimer's a...
Frank J S Lee,Fang Liu
Frank J S Lee
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Recently, PD research has been stimulated by the identification of genes that are implicated in rare familial forms of PD...
Pawel K Olszewski,Helgi B Schiöth,Allen S Levine
Pawel K Olszewski
Ghrelin, the endogenous agonist of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, has been shown to induce robust feeding responses in numerous experimental models. Although ghrelin comes from both peripheral and central sources, its hyperphagic...
Interleukin-18 and stress [0.03%]
白细胞介素-18与压力
Shuei Sugama,Bruno Conti
Shuei Sugama
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine believed to play a role in a variety of conditions and diseases including infections, autoimmunity, cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. IL-18 is also a possible contributor to the sick...