E W Rubel,M H Rosenthal
E W Rubel
To determine if there is an ontogenetic change in stimulus coding, chickens between the day of hatching and 9-10 days old were tested using a habituation-generalization paradigm. Experiment 1 indicated that 1 day-old and 3--4-day-old chicks...
"Pseudoconditioned" jaw movements of the rabbit reflect associations conditioned to contextual background cues [0.03%]
兔的“伪条件性”下颌运动反映与环境背景线索相关的条件化反应
P J Sheafor
P J Sheafor
Two experiments employing 180 rabbits and involving tone conditioned stimuli (CSs) and intraoral water unconditioned stimuli (UCSs) investigated pseudoconditioning of jaw movement. CS-alone, UCS-alone, paired CS-UCS, and four explicitly unp...
The role of small changes in the acoustic environment in modifying the startle reflex [0.03%]
听觉环境中的微小变化在修改惊跳反射中的作用
R R Marsh,H S Hoffman,C L Stitt et al.
R R Marsh et al.
When either the intensity or frequency spectrum of an approximately 70-db. SPL narrow-band noise was abruptly changed by a small amount, the rat's response to a startle stimulus presented 64 msec later was inhibited. When similar small freq...
R A Rescorla,C D Heth
R A Rescorla
Four experiments are reported which demonstrate the ability of an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) presentation following extinction to partially reinstate the conditioned response. These experiments are interpreted in terms of the strengthenin...
Effects of neophobia and habituation on the poison-induced avoidance of exteroceptive stimuli in the rat [0.03%]
新生畏忌和习惯化对大鼠因中毒而产生的对外部刺激回避的影响作用
D Mitchell,E H Kirschbaum,R L Perry
D Mitchell
Two experiments on the role of neophobia in poison-induced aversions to exteroceptive stimuli are reported. In Experiment 1, rats were given either 10 or 25 days of habituation to the test situation prior to conditioning. Those animals with...
W A Tennant,M E Bitterman
W A Tennant
In Experiment 1, a mixed blocking-overshadowing effect of color on an auditory discrimination was demonstrated in goldfish. In Experiment 2 (with lines differing in color and angle), blocking of angle by color and of color by angle was demo...
Comparative Study
Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes. 1975 Jan;1(1):22-9. DOI: 1975
Conditioned and latent inhibition in taste-aversion learning: clarifying the role of learned safety [0.03%]
味觉厌恶学习中的条件性抑制和潜在抑制作用：明确习得性安全的作用
M R Best
M R Best
Experiments 1-3 investigated the applicability of the classical conditioning concept of conditioned inhibition to taste-aversion learning. Rats made ill after drinking saccharin and subsequently administered a "safe" exposure to saline (or ...
Behavioral decrement following stimulus preexposure: effects of number of preexposures, presence of a second stimulus, and interstimulus interval in children and adults [0.03%]
预暴露的消减效应：儿童与成人受试者在呈现次数、同时呈现第二个刺激以及刺激间时距上的差异
M Alek,J Arzy,R E Lubow
M Alek
This article presents an analysis of the similarities between the stimulus familiarization effect and latent inhibition. Just as latent inhibition has been readily demonstrated in infrahumans, and only with considerable difficulty in adult ...
Pavlovian counterconditioning: changing the suppressive properties of shock by association with food [0.03%]
巴甫洛夫反条件作用：通过与食物相联系改变电流的抑制性质
J M Pearce,A Dickinson
J M Pearce
Two experiments are described in which rats received a series of shock and food presentations in a Pavlovian counterconditioning sequence. Subsequently, the capacity of the shock to act as a reinforcer during conditioned emotional response ...
R A Rosellini,M E Seligman
R A Rosellini
This article reports the transfer of learned helplessness from one aversive motivator, shock to another, frustration. In experiment 1, animals were trained to approach food in a runway and concomitantly exposed to either escapable, inescapa...