John Odling-Smee,Douglas H Erwin,Eric P Palkovacs et al.
John Odling-Smee et al.
Niche construction theory (NCT) explicitly recognizes environmental modication by organisms ("niche construction") and their legacy overtime ("ecological inheritance") to be evolutionary processes in their own right. Here we illustrate how ...
Homosexuality as a consequence of epigenetically canalized sexual development [0.03%]
表观遗传学通路假说与 homosexuality 关系的思考
William R Rice,Urban Friberg,Sergey Gavrilets
William R Rice
Male and female homosexuality have substantial prevalence in humans. Pedigree and twin studies indicate that homosexuality has substantial heritability in both sexes, yet concordance between identical twins is low and molecular studies have...
Scott F Gilbert,Jan Sapp,Alfred I Tauber
Scott F Gilbert
The notion of the "biological individual" is crucial to studies of genetics, immunology, evolution, development, anatomy, and physiology. Each of these biological subdisciplines has a specific conception of individuality, which has historic...
Michael Chapman,Mark C Alliegro
Michael Chapman
The problem of eukaryogenesis--the evolutionary mechanism whereby eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotes--remains one of the great unsolved mysteries of cell biology, possibly due to the reductionist tendency of most scientists to work o...
Edward K Clint,Elliott Sober,Theodore Garland Jr et al.
Edward K Clint et al.
In the past few decades, sex differences in spatial cognition have often been attributed to adaptation in response to natural selection. A common explanation is that home range size differences between the sexes created different cognitive ...
Brian McCuskey
Brian McCuskey
This article examines how both scientists and creationists, as they argue over intelligent design, invoke and quote the fictional character of Sherlock Holmes to support their opposed positions. Rhetorical analysis ofHolmes's repeated contr...
Nutrient signaling: evolutionary origins of the immune-modulating effects of dietary fat [0.03%]
营养信号：膳食脂肪免疫调节作用的进化起源
Joe Alcock,Melissa L Franklin,Christopher W Kuzawa
Joe Alcock
Many dietary fatty acids (FA) have potent effects on inflammation, which is not only energetically costly, but also contributes to a range of chronic diseases. This presents an evolutionary paradox: Why should the host initiate a costly and...
Richard Ben Borgens,Peishan Liu-Snyder
Richard Ben Borgens
Secondary injury is a term applied to the destructive and self-propagating biological changes in cells and tissues that lead to their dysfunction or death over hours to weeks after the initial insult (the "primary injury"). In most contexts...
Stephanie Meirmans,Patrick G Meirmans,Lawrence R Kirkendall
Stephanie Meirmans
Understanding the maintenance of sexual reproduction constitutes a difficult problem for evolutionary biologists because of the immediate costs that sex seems to incur. Typically, general benefits to sex and recombination are investigated t...
Edmund Kenwood LeGrand,Joe Alcock
Edmund Kenwood LeGrand
The acutephase response (APR) is a systemic response to severe trauma, infection, and cancer, although many of the numerous cytokine-mediated components of the APR are incompletely understood. Some of these components, such as fever, reduce...