A cautionary note on the use of Ornstein Uhlenbeck models in macroevolutionary studies [0.03%]
谨防在宏进化研究中使用奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克模型
Natalie Cooper,Gavin H Thomas,Chris Venditti et al.
Natalie Cooper et al.
Phylogenetic comparative methods are increasingly used to give new insights into the dynamics of trait evolution in deep time. For continuous traits the core of these methods is a suite of models that attempt to capture evolutionary pattern...
Plasma carotenoid concentrations of incubating American kestrels (Falco sparverius) show annual, seasonal, and individual variation and explain reproductive outcome [0.03%]
美国红脚隼（Falco sparverius）孵化期间血浆类胡萝卜素浓度的年度、季节和个体变化以及对繁殖结果的影响
Elizabeth C Sassani,Christeena Sevy,Erin H Strasser et al.
Elizabeth C Sassani et al.
In wild birds, the proximate and ultimate factors that affect circulating carotenoid concentrations remain poorly understood. We studied variation in plasma carotenoid concentrations across several scales: annual, seasonal, pair, territory ...
Biogeography of " Cyprinella lutrensis": intensive genetic sampling from the Pecos River 'melting pot' reveals a dynamic history and phylogenetic complexity [0.03%]
Cyprinella lutrensis 的生物地理学：来自“混合器”普拉科斯河的密集取样揭示了其动态历史及系统发育复杂性
Megan J Osborne,Tracy A Diver,Christopher W Hoagstrom et al.
Megan J Osborne et al.
Thorough sampling is necessary to delineate lineage diversity for polytypic "species" such as Cyprinella lutrensis. We conducted extensive mtDNA sampling (cytochrome b and ND4) from the Pecos River, Rio Grande, and South Canadian River, New...
Have superfetation and matrotrophy facilitated the evolution of larger offspring in poeciliid fishes? [0.03%]
超排卵和母体内发育促进了丽鱼科鱼类更大后代的进化吗？
Claudia Olivera-Tlahuel,Alison G Ossip-Klein,Héctor S Espinosa-Pérez et al.
Claudia Olivera-Tlahuel et al.
Superfetation is the ability of females to simultaneously carry multiple broods of embryos, with each brood at a different developmental stage. Matrotrophy is the post-fertilization maternal provisioning of nutrients to developing embryos t...
On the evolutionary and ontogenetic origins of tool-oriented behaviour in New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides) [0.03%]
新喀鸦属鸟类的工具使用行为的进化和个体发育起源研究
Ben Kenward,Christian Schloegl,Christian Rutz et al.
Ben Kenward et al.
New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides) are prolific tool users in captivity and in the wild, and have an inherited predisposition to express tool-oriented behaviours. To further understand the evolution and development of tool use, we c...
Rafael L Rodríguez,Jennifer Danzy Cramer,Christopher A Schmitt et al.
Rafael L Rodríguez et al.
Sexual traits vary tremendously in static allometry. This variation may be explained in part by body size-related differences in the strength of selection. We tested this hypothesis with in two populations of vervet monkeys, using estimates...
Canalization of body size matters for lifetime reproductive success of male predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) [0.03%]
捕食螨性别体型的 canalization 对其一生生殖成功的影响
Andreas Walzer,Peter Schausberger
Andreas Walzer
The adaptive canalization hypothesis predicts that highly fitness-relevant traits are canalized via past selection, resulting in low phenotypic plasticity and high robustness to environmental stress. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the le...
Functional morphology of the feeding apparatus and evolution of proboscis length in metalmark butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) [0.03%]
金属瘤翅凤蝶科口器的取食装置的功能形态及其触角长度的进化
Julia Anne-Sophie Bauder,Stephan Handschuh,Brian Douglas Metscher et al.
Julia Anne-Sophie Bauder et al.
An assessment of the anatomical costs of extremely long proboscid mouthparts can contribute to the understanding of the evolution of form and function in the context of insect feeding behaviour. An integrative analysis of expenses relating ...
Adaptations for nectar-feeding in the mouthparts of long-proboscid flies (Nemestrinidae: Prosoeca) [0.03%]
长喙蜂舌蝇属（Nemestrinidae族：Prosoeca）口器适应吸食花蜜的演化
Florian Karolyi,Nikolaus U Szucsich,Jonathan F Colville et al.
Florian Karolyi et al.
The insects with the longest proboscis in relation to body length are the nectar-feeding Nemestrinidae. These flies represent important pollinators of the South African flora and feature adaptations to particularly long-tubed flowers. The p...
Spermatozoa Production by Triploid Males in the New Zealand Freshwater Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum [0.03%]
新西兰淡水螺Potamopyrgus antipodarum中三倍体雄性的精子产生
D M Soper,M Neiman,O P Savytskyy et al.
D M Soper et al.
Asexual lineages derived from dioecious taxa are typically assumed to be all female. Even so, asexual females from a variety of animal taxa occasionally produce males. The existence of these males sets the stage for potential gene flow acro...