Bridget L McConnell,Ralph R Miller
Bridget L McConnell
Recovery-from-extinction effects (e.g., spontaneous recovery, renewal, reinstatement, and facilitated reacquisition) have become the focus of much research in recent years. However, despite a great deal of empirical data, there are few theo...
Repeated Cocaine Experience Facilitates Sucrose-Reinforced Operant Responding in Enriched and Isolated Rats [0.03%]
重复的可卡因经历促进了丰富和孤立大鼠中的蔗糖操作反应行为
Emily D Klein,Brenda J Gehrke,Thomas A Green et al.
Emily D Klein et al.
The purpose of the present experiment was to determine whether repeated cocaine exposure differentially affects sucrose-reinforced operant responding in rats raised in an enriched condition (EC) or an isolated condition (IC). Specifically, ...
Boaz Levy,Dan Ariely,Nina Mazar et al.
Boaz Levy et al.
Gender may be involved in the motivational processing of facial beauty. This study applied a behavioral probe, known to activate brain motivational regions, to healthy heterosexual subjects. Matched samples of men and women were administere...
Discrimination of familiar human faces in dogs (Canis familiaris) [0.03%]
狗（Canis familiaris）辨别熟悉的人脸的能力
Ludwig Huber,Anaïs Racca,Billy Scaf et al.
Ludwig Huber et al.
Faces are an important visual category for many taxa, and the human face is no exception to this. Because faces differ in subtle ways and possess many idiosyncratic features, they provide a rich source of perceptual cues. A fair amount of t...
The Magic Number 70 (plus or minus 20): Variables Determining Performance in the Rodent Odor Span Task [0.03%]
神奇的数字70（正负20）：影响啮齿动物气味工作记忆任务表现的因素
L Brooke April,Katherine Bruce,Mark Galizio
L Brooke April
The olfactory span task (OST) uses an incrementing non-matching to sample procedure such that the number of stimuli to remember increases during the session. The number of consecutive correct responses (span length) and percent correct as a...
Some Factors Modulating the Strength of Resurgence After Extinction of an Instrumental Behavior [0.03%]
影响消退后行为复苏强度的因素研究
Neil E Winterbauer,Sara Lucke,Mark E Bouton
Neil E Winterbauer
In resurgence, an operant behavior that has undergone extinction can return ("resurge") when a second operant that has replaced it itself undergoes extinction. The phenomenon may provide insight into relapse that may occur after incentive o...
Coding of Stimuli by Animals: Retrospection, Prospection, Episodic Memory and Future Planning [0.03%]
动物对刺激的编码：回顾、展望、情景记忆和未来规划
Thomas R Zentall
Thomas R Zentall
When animals code stimuli for later retrieval they can either code them in terms of the stimulus presented (as a retrospective memory) or in terms of the response or outcome anticipated (as a prospective memory). Although retrospective memo...
Jonathon D Crystal
Jonathon D Crystal
Efforts to develop animal models of memory are critical for understanding the neural substrate of memory. Memory is essential for daily life and enables information to be stored and retrieved after seconds to years. The ability to remember ...
Michael J Beran,Bonnie M Perdue,Jessica L Bramlett et al.
Michael J Beran et al.
Prospective memory involves the encoding, retention, and implementation of an intended future action. Although humans show many forms of prospective memory, less is known about the future oriented processes of nonhuman animals, or their abi...
Preference for the Outcome That Follows a Relatively Aversive Event: Contrast or Delay Reduction? [0.03%]
相对不利事件后出现有利结果的偏好：由于对比还是时距缩小？
Rebecca A Singer,Thomas R Zentall
Rebecca A Singer
Pigeons prefer a positive discriminative (S+) stimulus that follows a less preferred event (a large number of required responses, a longer delay, or the absence of food) over a different S+ with a similar history of reinforcement that follo...