Overcoming movement obstacles by the religiously orthodox: the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Shas in Israel, Comunione e Liberazione in Italy, and the Salvation Army in the United States [0.03%]
正统派克服政治障碍：埃及穆斯林兄弟会、以色列夏阿斯党、意大利合一与解放运动以及美国救世军
Nancy J Davis,Robert V Robinson
Nancy J Davis
This article examines four movements of the religiously orthodox that should have failed according to most social movement theory and research. The movements combine (1) an extraordinarily broad agenda, (2) a strict, morally absolutist ideo...
How social processes distort measurement: the impact of survey nonresponse on estimates of volunteer work in the United States [0.03%]
社会过程如何扭曲测量：调查未回应对美国志愿者工作估计的影响
Katharine G Abraham,Stanley Presser,Sara Helms
Katharine G Abraham
The authors argue that both the large variability in survey estimates of volunteering and the fact that survey estimates do not show the secular decline common to other social capital measures are caused by the greater propensity of those w...
From Hasan to Herbert: name-giving patterns of immigrant parents between acculturation and ethnic maintenance [0.03%]
从哈桑到赫伯特：移民父母在文化适应与族裔维系间的取名模式
Jürgen Gerhards,Silke Hans
Jürgen Gerhards
Names often indicate belonging to a certain ethnic group. When immigrant parents choose a first name for their child that is common in their host society, they show a high degree of acculturation. In contrast, selecting a name common only i...
Stephanie Moller,François Nielsen,Arthur S Alderson
Stephanie Moller
The upswing in economic inequality that has affected a number of advanced industrial societies in the late 20th century has been particularly conspicuous in the United States. The authors explore its causes using data on the distribution of...
Jan O Jonsson,Matthew Di Carlo,Mary C Brinton et al.
Jan O Jonsson et al.
In the sociological literature on social mobility, the long-standing convention has been to assume that intergenerational reproduction takes one of two forms: a categorical form that has parents passing on a big-class position to their chil...
Indulging our gendered selves? Sex segregation by field of study in 44 countries [0.03%]
我们在放纵有性别区分的自我吗？44个国家教育领域的性别隔离状况
Maria Charles,Karen Bradley
Maria Charles
Data from 44 societies are used to explore sex segregation by field of study. Contrary to accounts linking socioeconomic modernization to a "degendering" of public-sphere institutions, sex typing of curricular fields is stronger in more eco...
Isabel Fernandez-Mateo
Isabel Fernandez-Mateo
Women's wages do not grow with experience or tenure as much as men's do. Many accounts of this cumulative gender disadvantage attribute it to women's underinvestment in firm-specific skills. Yet if that were true, this disadvantage would no...
Sequencing and its consequences: path dependence and the relationships between genetics and medicalization [0.03%]
测序及其影响：路径依赖和遗传与医学化之间的关系
Sara Shostak,Peter Conrad,Allan V Horwitz
Sara Shostak
Both advocacy for and critiques of the Human Genome Project assume a self-sustaining relationship between genetics and medicalization. However, this assumption ignores the ways in which the meanings of genetic research are conditional on it...
Environmental contingencies and genetic propensities: social capital, educational continuation, and dopamine receptor gene DRD2 [0.03%]
环境偶然性与基因倾向性：社会资本、教育延续性和多巴胺受体基因DRD2
Michael J Shanahan,Stephen Vaisey,Lance D Erickson et al.
Michael J Shanahan et al.
Studies of gene-environment interplay typically focus on one environmental factor at a time, resulting in a constrained view of social context. The concept of environmental contingency is introduced as a corrective. Drawing on the National ...
Happiness and success: genes, families, and the psychological effects of socioeconomic position and social support [0.03%]
幸福和成功：基因、家庭及经济社会地位与社会支持的心理效应
Jason Schnittker
Jason Schnittker
Although there is considerable evidence linking success -- including wealth, marriage, and friendships -- to happiness, this relationship might not reflect, as is often assumed, the effects of the proximate environment on well-being. Such a...