Stepwise breach of maternal-fetal fortress: an adhesion-degradation-immune evasion cascade underpinning Treponema pallidum placental crossing
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Congenital syphilis, a severe maternal-fetal disease caused by vertical transmission of Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) via the placenta, affects over one million pregnancies annually and remains a leading cause of preventable adverse fetal outcomes. While th... ...