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Programmable Energy Dissipation in a DNA-pNIPAM Hybrid Hydrogel for Ultrastable Actuation-Enhanced Biosensing of Acetamiprid

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DNA-based hydrogels are attractive for biosensing due to their molecular recognition and programmability, yet their practical use is severely limited by poor mechanical robustness and rapid fatigue under repeated actuation. Here, we overcome these barriers thr... ...