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Oral microbiota member Neisseria elongata exosomes-Cassia fistula association targets PTEN/AKT/IL10/IL1β/BAX/BCL-2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy

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Pancreatic cancer, characterized by its aggressive progression and limited therapeutic options, remains a malignancy with high mortality rates. This study evaluates the potential of bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) as immunotherapeutic carriers, focusing... ...