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Global epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori iceA genotypes: heterogeneity and virulence implications

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The contact-induced epithelium gene A (iceA), with allelic variants iceA1 and iceA2, remains a controversial virulence factor in Helicobacter pylori due to inconsistent clinical outcomes. In this study, we analyzed 1,427 H. pylori genomes from the NCBI databas... ...