Preemptive Surgical Strategies for Impending Tracheo-Innominate Artery Fistula: A Case Series of Three High-Risk Patients
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Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF) is a rare but catastrophic complication of tracheostomy with extremely high mortality after rupture. No established guidelines exist for preemptive intervention in impending TIF. We report 3 high-risk patients with objec... ...
