Toxicity and Behavioral Responses of Environmentally Relevant Microplastics in Earthworms (Eisenia fetida): Ingestion, Survival, Reproduction, and Avoidance Across Common Polymer Types
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Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as ubiquitous contaminants in terrestrial ecosystems, yet their ecological risks to soil invertebrates remain poorly categorized, particularly at environmentally relevant exposure levels. This study investigated avoidance beh... ...
