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cTfh Cell Activation and Changes in BTLA and LAG-3 Expression Differentially Associate With Poor Pregnancy Outcome in Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria

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Continuous exposure to antigens drives the activation of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells, promoting high-affinity antibody production. However, sustained stimulation may impair their function through the upregulation of immunoregulatory markers li... ...