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Photothermal reprogramming of synovial M1 macrophages reshapes the pro-inflammatory microenvironment to reverse temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis

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Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) involves progressive synovial inflammation-driven cartilage degeneration. While thermotherapy empirically alleviates symptoms, its immunomodulatory mechanism remains elucidated. Here, we revealed that targeted mil... ...