Gut microecology empowers cancer immunotherapy: commensal microbiota-mediated mechanisms and translational prospects of PD-1/PD-L1 therapy
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Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) are immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that have revolutionized cancer therapy. However, the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 is limited by resistance and inter-individual variability. In r... ...
