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Effect of Butyrate-Producing Enterobacteria and Proton Pump Inhibitors on Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment With Durvalumab and Tremelimumab

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Aim: The gut microbiome modulates immune responses, and butyrate-producing bacteria have been linked to improved immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy. Conversely, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may negatively impact ICI outc... ...