Polystyrene nanoplastics readily penetrate intestine and cause sex-specific effects mediated by bile acids and microbiome
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Orally ingested nanoplastics can enter the blood flow; however, their digestive tract fate is unclear. We found that ∼60% of ingested polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) cross the intestine wall in 3 h, but most are captured by the liver and discharged via the ... ...
