Single-stage delayed hybrid reconstruction after failed implant-based breast surgery using the pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator flap: a report of three cases
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The thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap is established in immediate and early breast reconstruction, but its role in single-stage, hybrid (flap-plus-implant) reconstruction performed ≥12 months after failed implant-based surgery is not well described.... ...
