HLA-DQA1*05:01 and DQA1*05:05 inform choice of anti-tumor necrosis factor and concomitant use of immunomodulators in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
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Background and aims: Loss of response (LoR) is a major limitation of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It can result from immunogenicity or other, less well-defined mechanisms. Spe... ...
