Finite-element modelling of the 3D motion of the malleus-incus complex validated with 3D laser Doppler vibrometry
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Three-dimensional (3D) motions of the middle ear (ME) are investigated with finite-element (FE) modelling by comparison with 3D laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) measurements of the malleus-incus complex. 3D point velocity measurements are converted to 3D rigid-b... ...