The Effects of Caudal Epidural Injection on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Hemodynamic Parameters in Adults with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Prospective Clinical Study
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Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a challenging chronic pain condition following spinal surgery, often resistant to conventional therapies. Caudal epidural injection is a mainstay for managing FBSS, yet its effec... ...
