Impact of lead placement site on right ventricular function: a comparative echocardiographic analysis of apical versus septal pacing in permanent pacemaker recipients
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Objectives: Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation is a standard intervention for bradyarrhythmias, yet the long-term hemodynamic consequences of right ventricular (RV) lead positioning remain underexplored. While apical pacing h... ...
