Ultrasound-responsive piezoelectric hydrogel attenuates oxidative stress-induced nucleus pulposus senescence via AMPK-FOXO1a-mediated mitophagy for intervertebral disc regeneration
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The progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is closely linked to the nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence driven by oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) abnormalities. This study presents an ultrasound-responsive, temperature-sensi... ...
