Case Report: En bloc resection of inferior vena cava and renal cell carcinoma with level IV tumor thrombus associated with tumor thrombus embolization to the pulmonary arteries: presence of blood vessels inside the tumor thrombus
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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an aggressive kidney cancer often diagnosed at an advanced stage. This type of kidney tumor can be associated with tumor thrombus (TT), which can extend into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and, in severe cases, into the right side o... ...
